存储过程外键约束答案

【问题标题】：Stored procedure foreign key constraint存储过程外键约束
【发布时间】：2017-03-24 00:05:14
【问题描述】：

我不知道我是否使用了正确的语法，但我正在尝试输入 1 个表，然后是另一个具有外键的表。来自tbl1SentEmails 的主键用作tbl1Recipients 的外键。我已经把它放在一个存储过程中，但是，我不断收到一个错误，说明外键约束。有没有办法来解决这个问题？

存储过程代码：

-- This is the sample script to test the SP
-- An instance of the Table parameter type is created
Declare @SampelData As [dbo].[SampleDataType]
Declare @RecData As [dbo].[SampleRecType]


Insert Into @SampelData(strEmailSendID, dtmSent, strSubject, strBody, strConversationID, strConversationTopic, strConversationIndex, dtmReplied, dtmOpened, dtmClicked, blnTrackOpens, blnTrackClicks, blnTrackReplies, lngMergeID, blnHide)
Values ('ce4d29160fae4eba92c7d233723f6f59', '2016-11-08', 'strSubject', 'strBody','strConversationID', 'strConversationTopic', 'strConversationIndex', '2016-11-08', '2016-11-08', '2016-11-08', 'true', 'true', 'true', 69164, 'true')
SELECT * FROM @SampelData
Insert Into RecData(strEmailSendID, strEmailAddress, strDisplayName, strRecipientType) 
Values ('ce4d29160fae4eba92c7d233723f6f59','dutta@standss.com.fj','Alvindra Dutt','TO')
Select * From @RecData
-- we then call the SP to store the values
Exec SampleProcedure @SampelData,@RecData

我将从 MVC 应用程序调用此存储过程，因此我只是为 tbl1SentEmails 传递 PK 的原始值。但是，无论如何我可以获取传入的表的strEmailSendID，然后将其输入tbl1Recipients？

这是表类型的创建：

-- Create a table data type
CREATE TYPE [dbo].[SampleDataType] As Table
(
--This type has structure similar to the DB table 
--SampleString Nvarchar(64) Not Null -- Having one String
--, SampleDate Date -- and one Date
strEmailSendID nvarchar(255) not null, 
dtmSent datetime not null,
strSubject nvarchar(255) null, 
strBody nvarchar(255) null, 
strConversationID nvarchar(255) null, 
strConversationTopic nvarchar(1000) null, 
strConversationIndex nvarchar(max) null, 
dtmReplied datetime null, 
dtmOpened datetime null, 
dtmClicked datetime null, 
blnTrackOpens bit null, 
blnTrackClicks bit null, 
blnTrackReplies bit null, 
lngMergeID bigint not null, 
blnHide bit null, 
lngLatestEventID bigint null, 
strClickRespone nvarchar(50) null, 
dtmClickResponse datetime null
)


CREATE TYPE [dbo].[SampleRecType] As Table
(
strEmailSendID nvarchar(255) not null, 
strEmailAddress nvarchar(255) not null, 
strDisplayName nvarchar(255) null, 
strRecipientType nvarchar(5) not null
)

实际存储过程的代码：

--This is the Stored Procedure
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[SampleProcedure]
(
-- which accepts one table value parameter. 
-- It should be noted that the parameter is readonly
@Sample As [dbo].[SampleDataType] Readonly, @Rec As [dbo].[SampleRecType]    ReadOnly
)
AS

Begin
-- We simply insert values into the DB table from the parameter
-- The table value parameter can be used like a table with only read rights

--Insert Into SampleTable(SampleString,SampleDate)
--Select SampleString,SampleDate From @Sample
Insert Into tbl1Recipients(strEmailSendID, strEmailAddress, strDisplayName, strRecipientType)
Select * From @Rec
Insert Into tbl1SentEmails(strEmailSendID, dtmSent, strSubject, strBody, strConversationID, strConversationTopic, strConversationIndex, dtmReplied, dtmOpened, dtmClicked, blnTrackOpens, blnTrackClicks, blnTrackReplies, lngMergeID, blnHide, lngLatestEventID, strClickResponse, dtmClickResponse)
Select * From @Sample 
End

表格代码：

USE [standss_tracking_us_sandbox]
GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[tbl1Recipients]    Script Date: 10/11/2016    5:24:52 p.m. ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[tbl1Recipients](
[strEmailSendID] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
[lngRecipientNo] [bigint] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[strEmailAddress] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
[strDisplayName] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
[strRecipientType] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL,
[ts] [timestamp] NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_tbl1Recipients] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
[strEmailSendID] ASC,
[lngRecipientNo] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,     ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON)
)

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[tbl1Recipients]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT     [FK_tbl1Recipients_tbl1SentEmails] FOREIGN KEY([strEmailSendID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[tbl1SentEmails] ([strEmailSendID])
ON DELETE CASCADE
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[tbl1Recipients] CHECK CONSTRAINT    [FK_tbl1Recipients_tbl1SentEmails]
GO


/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[tbl1SentEmails]    Script Date: 10/11/2016     5:28:42 p.m. ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[tbl1SentEmails](
[strEmailSendID] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
[dtmSent] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[strSubject] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
[strBody] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
[strConversationID] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
[strConversationTopic] [nvarchar](1000) NULL,
[strConversationIndex] [nvarchar](max) NULL,
[dtmReplied] [datetime] NULL,
[dtmOpened] [datetime] NULL,
[dtmClicked] [datetime] NULL,
[blnTrackOpens] [bit] NULL,
[blnTrackClicks] [bit] NULL,
[blnTrackReplies] [bit] NULL,
[ts] [timestamp] NOT NULL,
[lngMergeID] [bigint] NOT NULL,
[blnHide] [bit] NULL,
[lngLatestEventID] [bigint] NULL,
[strClickResponse] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
[dtmClickResponse] [datetime] NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_tbl1SentEmails] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
[strEmailSendID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,     ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON)
)

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[tbl1SentEmails]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT    [FK_tbl1SentEmails_tbl1Merges] FOREIGN KEY([lngMergeID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[tbl1Merges] ([lngMergeID])
ON DELETE CASCADE
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[tbl1SentEmails] CHECK CONSTRAINT     [FK_tbl1SentEmails_tbl1Merges]
GO

【问题讨论】：

向我们展示创建表？并且不确定您在哪里得到错误。
@JuanCarlosOropeza，当我想插入tbl1Recipients 时，第二个INSERT 语句出现错误。有一个名为strEmailSendID 的字段是tbl1SentEmails 的PK，并充当tbl1Recipients 的FK
您提供的语句仅包括插入到表变量中，而不包括插入到 tbl1Recipients 或 tbl1SentEmails 中
为什么你的SP没有收到参数？
那么插入tbl1Recipients 和tbl1SentEmails 发生在存储过程中？你能提供代码吗？

标签： sql-server stored-procedures

【解决方案1】：

如下更改您的存储过程。它会为你工作

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[SampleProcedure]
(
   @Sample As [dbo].[SampleDataType] Readonly,
   @Rec As [dbo].[SampleRecType]    ReadOnly
)
AS
Begin

    Insert Into tbl1SentEmails(strEmailSendID, dtmSent, strSubject, strBody, strConversationID, strConversationTopic, strConversationIndex, dtmReplied, dtmOpened, dtmClicked, blnTrackOpens, blnTrackClicks, blnTrackReplies, lngMergeID, blnHide, lngLatestEventID, strClickResponse, dtmClickResponse)
    Select * From @Sample 

    Insert Into tbl1Recipients(strEmailSendID, strEmailAddress, strDisplayName, strRecipientType)
    Select * From @Rec

End

【讨论】：

我刚刚从 SSMS 中删除了该过程，然后用它重新创建。谢谢曼西！

【解决方案2】：

看起来存储过程在插入tbl1SentEmails 之前先插入tbl1Recipients。 SQL Server does not support deferred foreign-key constraints 因此，您需要先将行添加到父表，然后再将其添加到引用它的表中。

尝试在存储过程中切换INSERT 语句。

【讨论】：