从 gmail API 获取正确的电子邮件编码

Question

我正在努力让电子邮件中的特殊字符正确显示。

我使用 Gmail API 收到这样的消息：

msg_id = '169a8fac44fd8115'
service = build('gmail', 'v1', credentials=creds)
message = service.users().messages().get(userId='me', id=msg_id).execute()
htmlpart = message['payload']['parts'][0]['parts'][1]['body']['data']

然后我尝试了以下方法：

file_data = quopri.decodestring(base64.urlsafe_b64decode(htmlpart)).decode('iso-8859-1')
file_data = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(htmlpart.encode('UTF-8')).decode('iso-8859-1')
file_data = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(htmlpart.encode('iso-8859-1')).decode('utf-8')
file_data = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(htmlpart.encode('UTF-8')).decode('utf-8')

他们都没有给我正确的输出。相反，我得到的是 €2 而不是 €。

作为参考，该消息的标头如下：

'headers': [{'name': 'Content-Type', 'value': 'text/html; charset="UTF-8"'},
  {'name': 'Content-Transfer-Encoding', 'value': 'quoted-printable'}]

编辑：在下面添加了示例数据。我正在尝试获取电子邮件的 html，我只在下面复制其中突出显示编码问题的一部分 (You'll get)。

</tr><tr><td class="m_4364729876101169671Uber18_text_p1" align="left" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&#39;Uber18-text-Regular&#39;,&#39;HelveticaNeue-Light&#39;,&#39;Helvetica Neue Light&#39;,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:28px;direction:ltr;text-align:left"> Give friends free ride credit to try Uber. You&#39;ll get CN¥10 off each of your next 3 rides when they start riding. <span class="m_4364729876101169671Uber18_text_p1" style="color:#000000;font-family:&#39;Uber18-text-Regular&#39;,&#39;HelveticaNeue-Light&#39;,&#39;Helvetica Neue Light&#39;,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:28px">Share code: 20ccv</span></td>

Answer 1

标题

'headers': [{'name': 'Content-Type', 'value': 'text/html; charset="UTF-8"'},
  {'name': 'Content-Transfer-Encoding', 'value': 'quoted-printable'}]

告诉您该消息由编码为 UTF-8 的文本组成，然后是带引号的可打印编码，以便它可以由仅支持 7 位字符的系统处理。

要解码，您需要先从quoted-printable 解码，然后从UTF-8 解码结果字节。

这样的事情应该可以工作：

utf8 = quopri.decodestring(htmlpart)
text = ut8.decode('utf-8')

HTML 电子邮件正文可能包含character entities。这些可以使用html.unescape（在 Python 3.4+ 中可用）转换为单个字符。

>>> import html 
>>> h = """</tr><tr><td class="m_4364729876101169671Uber18_text_p1" align="left" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:&#39;Uber18-text-Regular&#39;,&#39;HelveticaNeue-Light&#39;,&#39;Helvetica Neue Light&#39;,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:28px;direction:ltr;text-align:left"> Give friends free ride credit to try Uber. You&#39;ll get CN¥10 off each of your next 3 rides when they start riding. <span class="m_4364729876101169671Uber18_text_p1" style="color:#000000;font-family:&#39;Uber18-text-Regular&#39;,&#39;HelveticaNeue-Light&#39;,&#39;Helvetica Neue Light&#39;,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:28px">Share code: 20ccv</span></td>"""


>>> print(html.unescape(h))
</tr><tr><td class="m_4364729876101169671Uber18_text_p1" align="left" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:'Uber18-text-Regular','HelveticaNeue-Light','Helvetica Neue Light',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:28px;direction:ltr;text-align:left"> Give friends free ride credit to try Uber. You'll get CN¥10 off each of your next 3 rides when they start riding. <span class="m_4364729876101169671Uber18_text_p1" style="color:#000000;font-family:'Uber18-text-Regular','HelveticaNeue-Light','Helvetica Neue Light',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:28px">Share code: 20ccv</span></td>