是什么导致我的 Laravel 应用程序变慢？

Question

我有一个使用 Laravel 5.2 和 Eloquent ORM 开发的应用程序。该应用程序连接到 MS SQL Server 以读取/写入数据。

我遇到了应用程序有时速度变慢“页面需要 5 多秒才能响应”的性能问题

我安装了“Clockwork”来尝试查看需要很长时间才能执行的操作。在深入研究了多个请求后，我注意到一些查询需要很长时间才能完成。

这是一个大约需要 1600 毫秒才能完成的查询示例。 （1600 毫秒包括犯罪和网络延迟。）

INSERT into [items] ([control_id], [created_at], [interview_id], [is_default], [item_id], [item_title], [item_type], [reporting_value], [updated_at])
values ('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1105', '1 (Poor)', 'Answer', '1', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1106', '2', 'Answer', '2', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1107', '3', 'Answer', '3', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1108', '4', 'Answer', '4', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1109', '5', 'Answer', '5', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1110', '6', 'Answer', '6', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1111', '7', 'Answer', '7', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1112', '8', 'Answer', '8', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1113', '9', 'Answer', '9', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1114', '10 (Excellent)', 'Answer', '10', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1608', 'Don''t Know', 'Others', '98', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('328', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1708', 'Does not have item/department', 'Answer', '99', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1205', '1 (Poor)', 'Answer', '1', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1206', '2', 'Answer', '2', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1207', '3', 'Answer', '3', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1208', '4', 'Answer', '4', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1209', '5', 'Answer', '5', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1210', '6', 'Answer', '6', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1211', '7', 'Answer', '7', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1212', '8', 'Answer', '8', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1213', '9', 'Answer', '9', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1214', '10 (Excellent)', 'Answer', '10', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1618', 'Don''t Know', 'Others', '98', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('338', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1721', 'Does not have item/department', 'Answer', '99', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1472', '1 (Poor)', 'Answer', '1', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1473', '2', 'Answer', '2', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1474', '3', 'Answer', '3', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1475', '4', 'Answer', '4', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1476', '5', 'Answer', '5', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1477', '6', 'Answer', '6', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1478', '7', 'Answer', '7', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1479', '8', 'Answer', '8', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1480', '9', 'Answer', '9', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1481', '10 (Excellent)', 'Answer', '10', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1648', 'Don''t Know', 'Others', '98', '2016-06-23 23:12:02'), 
('408', '2016-06-23 23:12:02', '6278', 'No', '1733', 'Does not have item/department', 'Answer', '99', '2016-06-23 23:12:02')

当我使用 MS SQL Server Management Studio 直接执行此查询时，它在 00:00:00 完成，这告诉我数据库服务器运行良好，并且数据服务器端没有延迟。

由于要插入大量数据，我认为 PDO 需要很长时间来准备语句，这会导致延迟，因为这里准备了 36 行。但是，问题也可能是 PDO 需要一段时间来连接数据库，这就是为什么我看到延迟是一个会延迟整个应用程序的查询。

这是另一个简单的查询，在 MS SQL Management Studio 中执行时，它在 00:00:01 执行时返回 1 行，耗时超过 1300 毫秒。

SELECT * FROM [stext] WHERE [interview_id] = '6278' and [control_id] in ('306') ORDER BY [id] ASC

这个查询没有太多准备，但仍然需要 1300 多毫秒才能完成。

Web 服务器和数据服务器都在同一个网络和主机上。两者都位于同一个物理房间中，因此不应该有任何网络问题。我什至尝试 ping 服务器，ping 看起来很正常。

我如何知道是什么导致我的应用程序变慢？是 PDO 性能问题还是 Eloquent 需要很长时间来准备语句？

我该如何解决这个问题？

对于上面的查询，这是我使用的雄辩的代码

$records = array( array(...), array(...));
Item::insert( $records );

Answer 1

根据我的经验，最好不要将 PDO 用于包含数百条记录的批量插入。大量准备好的数据很慢。 为此目的，最好创建普通查询。