听起来您正在寻找与multiprocessing.Pool 所采用的initializer/initargs 选项等效的选项。目前,concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor 不存在该行为,但有一个 patch waiting for review 添加了该行为。
因此,您可以使用 multiprocessing.Pool(这可能适合您的用例),等待该补丁被合并和发布(您可能要等待一段时间 :)),或者推出您自己的解决方案。事实证明,为 map 编写一个采用 initializer 的包装函数并不难,但每个进程只调用一个:
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
from functools import partial
inited = False
initresult = None
def initwrapper(initfunc, initargs, f, x):
# This will be called in the child. inited
# Will be False the first time its called, but then
# remain True every other time its called in a given
# worker process.
global inited, initresult
if not inited:
inited = True
initresult = initfunc(*initargs)
return f(x)
def do_init(a,b):
print('ran init {} {}'.format(a,b))
return os.getpid() # Just to demonstrate it will be unique per process
def f(x):
print("Hey there {}".format(x))
print('initresult is {}'.format(initresult))
return x+1
def initmap(executor, initializer, initargs, f, it):
return executor.map(partial(initwrapper, initializer, initargs, f), it)
if __name__ == "__main__":
with ProcessPoolExecutor(4) as executor:
out = initmap(executor, do_init, (5,6), f, range(10))
print(list(out))
输出:
ran init 5 6
Hey there 0
initresult is 4568
ran init 5 6
Hey there 1
initresult is 4569
ran init 5 6
Hey there 2
initresult is 4570
Hey there 3
initresult is 4569
Hey there 4
initresult is 4568
ran init 5 6
Hey there 5
initresult is 4571
Hey there 6
initresult is 4570
Hey there 7
initresult is 4569
Hey there 8
initresult is 4568
Hey there 9
initresult is 4570
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]