【发布时间】:2011-08-03 15:34:50
【问题描述】:
使用 Python 的 subprocess 模块和 communicate() 方法时如何检索退出代码?
相关代码:
import subprocess as sp
data = sp.Popen(openRTSP + opts.split(), stdout=sp.PIPE).communicate()[0]
我应该换一种方式吗?
【问题讨论】:
标签: python subprocess
使用 Python 的 subprocess 模块和 communicate() 方法时如何检索退出代码?
相关代码:
import subprocess as sp
data = sp.Popen(openRTSP + opts.split(), stdout=sp.PIPE).communicate()[0]
我应该换一种方式吗?
【问题讨论】:
标签: python subprocess
请查看 cmets。
代码:
import subprocess
class MyLibrary(object):
def execute(self, cmd):
return subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, universal_newlines=True,)
def list(self):
command = ["ping", "google.com"]
sp = self.execute(command)
status = sp.wait() # will wait for sp to finish
out, err = sp.communicate()
print(out)
return status # 0 is success else error
test = MyLibrary()
print(test.list())
输出:
C:\Users\shita\Documents\Tech\Python>python t5.py
Pinging google.com [142.250.64.78] with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 142.250.64.78: bytes=32 time=108ms TTL=116
Reply from 142.250.64.78: bytes=32 time=224ms TTL=116
Reply from 142.250.64.78: bytes=32 time=84ms TTL=116
Reply from 142.250.64.78: bytes=32 time=139ms TTL=116
Ping statistics for 142.250.64.78:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 84ms, Maximum = 224ms, Average = 138ms
0
【讨论】:
在调用process.communicate() 后使用process.wait()。
例如:
import subprocess
process = subprocess.Popen(['ipconfig', '/all'], stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
stdout, stderr = process.communicate()
exit_code = process.wait()
print(stdout, stderr, exit_code)
【讨论】:
这对我有用。它还打印子进程返回的输出
child = subprocess.Popen(serial_script_cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
retValRunJobsSerialScript = 0
for line in child.stdout.readlines():
child.wait()
print line
retValRunJobsSerialScript= child.returncode
【讨论】:
.poll() 将更新返回码。
试试
child = sp.Popen(openRTSP + opts.split(), stdout=sp.PIPE)
returnCode = child.poll()
此外,在调用.poll() 后,对象中的返回码为child.returncode。
【讨论】:
Popen.communicate 将在完成时设置returncode 属性(*)。以下是相关文档部分:
Popen.returncode
The child return code, set by poll() and wait() (and indirectly by communicate()).
A None value indicates that the process hasn’t terminated yet.
A negative value -N indicates that the child was terminated by signal N (Unix only).
所以你可以这样做(我没有测试它,但它应该可以工作):
import subprocess as sp
child = sp.Popen(openRTSP + opts.split(), stdout=sp.PIPE)
streamdata = child.communicate()[0]
rc = child.returncode
(*) 发生这种情况是因为它的实现方式:在设置线程读取子流后,它只调用wait。
【讨论】:
from subprocess import Popen 之类的东西,然后只需使用Popen 而不是subprocess(or sp).Popen 我会说这可能会增加可读性并缩短行数
process.communicate(),然后将returncode 分配给某个变量。如果在调用communicate之前完成分配,则为None。
您应该首先确保该进程已完成运行,并且已使用.wait 方法读取了返回码。这将返回代码。如果您想稍后访问它,它会以.returncode 的形式存储在Popen 对象中。
【讨论】:
.communicate() 已经在等待子进程终止。
exitcode = data.wait()。如果子进程写入标准输出/错误,和/或从标准输入读取,并且没有对等点,则子进程将被阻塞。
【讨论】: