UnboundLocalError：分配前引用的局部变量“msg”。如何解决？

Question

我正在从 json 文件中获取消息计数，但我有一个错误...而且我不知道为什么。在这个程序中，机器人必须发送有关提及成员的信息。如果我在代码开头写msg = None，它不会像> messages = 10那样发送它会发送messages = None

程序

if args[0] == '!in':
    await client.delete_message(message)
    highclass = None
    gm = ""
    clan = None
    if (roleLeaders in message.author.roles or roleHunter in message.author.roles or roleDeputy in message.author.roles):
            for member in message.mentions:
                user = member
                userjoin = str(user.joined_at)
                joinpars= userjoin.split()
                join = joinpars[0]
                msg1 = user_get_msg(member.id)
                time1 = user_get_time(member.id)
                s = str(msg1)
                last = int(s[-1])
                st = str(time1)
                stm = time1 // 60
                sth = stm // 60
                std = sth // 24
                if time1 <= 60:
                    lastt = int(st[-1])
                    if lastt == 0:
                        time = '{0} секунд'.format(time1)
                    if lastt == 1 and not time1 == 11:
                        time = '{0} секунду'.format(time1)
                    if ((time1 >= 11 and time1 <= 19) or (lastt >= 5 and lastt <= 9)):
                        time = '{0} секунд'.format(time1)
                    if (lastt >= 2 and lastt <= 4) and not (time1 >= 11 and time1 <= 19):
                        time = '{0} секунды'.format(time1)

                if time1 <= 3600 and time1 > 60:
                    lastt = int(str(stm)[-1])
                    if lastt == 0:
                        time = '{0} минут'.format(stm)
                    if lastt == 1 and not stm == 11:
                        time = '{0} минуту'.format(stm)
                    if ((stm >= 11 and stm <= 19) or (lastt >= 5 and lastt <= 9)):
                        time = '{0} минут'.format(stm)
                    if (lastt >= 2 and lastt <= 4) and not (stm >= 11 and stm <= 19):
                        time = '{0} минуты'.format(stm)

                if time1 <= 86400 and time1 >3600:
                    lastt = int(str(sth)[-1])
                    if lastt == 0:
                        time = '{0} часов'.format(sth)
                    if lastt == 1 and not sth == 11:
                        time = '{0} час'.format(sth)
                    if ((sth >= 11 and sth <= 19) or (lastt >= 5 and lastt <= 9)):
                        time = '{0} часов'.format(sth)
                    if (lastt >= 2 and lastt <= 4) and not (sth >= 11 and sth <= 19):
                        time = '{0} часа'.format(sth)

                if time1 >= 86400:
                    lastt = int(str(std)[-1])
                    if lastt == 0:
                        time = '{0} дней'.format(std)
                    if lastt == 1 and not std == 11:
                        time = '{0} день'.format(std)
                    if ((std >= 11 and std <= 19) or (lastt >= 5 and lastt <= 9)):
                        time = '{0} дней'.format(std)
                    if (lastt >= 2 and lastt <= 4) and not (std >= 11 and std <= 19):
                        time = '{0} дня'.format(std)
                if msg1 >= 0:
                    if last == 0 or msg1 == 0:
                        msg = '{0} записок'.format(msg1)
                    if msg1 == 1 or (last == 1 and msg1 >= 21):
                        msg = '{0} записку'.format(msg1)
                    if (msg1 >= 2 and msg1 <= 4) or (msg1 >= 22 and msg1 <= 24):
                        msg = '{0} записки'.format(msg1)
                    if (last >= 5 and last <= 9):
                        msg = '{0} записок'.format(msg1)
                for role in member.roles:
                    with open('class.json', 'r') as roleread:
                        if role.id in roleread.read():
                            highclass = '<@&{0}>'.format(role.id)
                    with open('clans.json', 'r') as fp:
                        if role.id in fp.read():
                            gm = '> Является участником гильдии <@&{0}>.'.format(role.id)
                            if roleGM in member.roles:
                                gm = '> Является **мастером** гильдии <@&{0}>.'.format(role.id)
                await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
                await client.send_message(message.channel, 'Персонаж {0}:\n'
                                                           '> Прибыл в город **{1}**;\n'
                                                           '> Принимал участие в жизни города **{2}**;\n'
                                                           '> Написал **{3}**;\n'
                                                           '> Имеет класс {4};\n'
                                                           '{5}'.format(member.mention, join, time, msg, highclass, gm))

错误

File "soul.py", line 497, in on_message
'{5}'.format(member.mention, join, time, msg, highclass, gm))
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'msg' referenced before assignment

我已经尽力了。有人可以帮帮我吗？

Answer 1

看看你是如何给msg赋值的：

if last == 0 or msg1 == 0:
    msg = '{0} some useless tex'.format(msg1)
if msg1 == 1 or (last == 1 and msg1 >= 21):
    msg = '{0} some useless tex'.format(msg1)
if (msg1 >= 2 and msg1 <= 4) or (msg1 >= 22 and msg1 <= 24):
    msg = '{0} some useless tex'.format(msg1)
if (last >= 5 and last <= 9):
    msg = '{0} some useless tex'.format(msg1)

那么，如果 msg1 是 10-20 范围内的某个值（并且 last 不是 0）会发生什么？那么这些ifs 都不会触发。所以msg 永远不会被分配任何东西。但无论如何你都会尝试使用它，并得到那个错误。

你可能想要这样的东西：

if last == 0 or msg1 == 0:
    msg = '{0} some useless tex'.format(msg1)
elif msg1 == 1 or (last == 1 and msg1 >= 21):
    msg = '{0} some useless tex'.format(msg1)
elif (msg1 >= 2 and msg1 <= 4) or (msg1 >= 22 and msg1 <= 24):
    msg = '{0} some useless tex'.format(msg1)
elif (last >= 5 and last <= 9):
    msg = '{0} some useless tex'.format(msg1)
else:
    msg = '{0} WARNING! UNEXPECTED VALUE!'.format(msg1)

（请注意，将所有这些 ifs 更改为 elifs 可能是语义上有意义的更改。如果两个条件都为真，则您的原始代码将同时执行它们，因此第二个将覆盖第一次这样做，但新代码只会执行第一个。如果它有所作为，这实际上是你想要的更多 - 但如果你想要其他行为，你可能需要重写或重新排序你的条件。）