静态 HTML + Flask + Gunicorn 在本地工作；推到heroku时中断

【问题标题】：static HTML + Flask + Gunicorn works locally; breaks when pushed to heroku静态 HTML + Flask + Gunicorn 在本地工作；推到heroku时中断
【发布时间】：2013-10-30 16:03:01
【问题描述】：

我刚刚制作了一个小烧瓶应用程序，它可以在本地运行，但是当我尝试将它推送到 heroku 时，在提供静态 HTML 时出现问题（自我诊断，当我让烧瓶返回文本而不是静态 html 文件时一切都按预期进行。）

我尝试遵循本指南.. https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/getting-started-with-python 这是我目录中的 LS

Procfile        account.pyc     base.pyc        requirements.txt    venv
account.py      base.py         home.html       templates

这里是一些相关文件的代码。

requirements.txt

Flask==0.10.1
Jinja2==2.7.1
MarkupSafe==0.18
Werkzeug==0.9.4
gunicorn==18.0
heroku==0.1.4
httplib2==0.8
itsdangerous==0.23
oauth2==1.5.211
python-dateutil==1.5
requests==2.0.0
wsgiref==0.1.2

gitignore

venv
*.pyc

过程文件

web: gunicorn base:app

account.py（从我的股票经纪人那里获取数据的东西）

 token    = oauth.Token(key=_ACCESS_TOKEN_, secret=_ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET_)
 consumer = oauth.Consumer(key=_CONSUMER_KEY_, secret=_CONSUMER_SECRET_)
 request_holdings_url = "%s/accounts/%s/holdings.json" % (_BASE_URL_, _ACCOUNT_NUMBER_)
 request_values_url = "%s/market/ext/quotes.xml?" % _BASE_URL_
 #creating the client
 client = oauth.Client(consumer, token=token)

 #making the request via the client

 stocksym = {}


 def urlquery():
 # get all of my tradeking info
     resp, content = client.request(request_holdings_url, "GET")
     content =  json.loads(content)
     return content


 def getstocksym(json):
     # returns the holdings under my TK acct
     allholdings = json[u"response"][u"accountholdings"][u"holding"]
     for stock in allholdings:
         sym = stock[u"instrument"][u"sym"]
         stocksym.update({sym: 0})
     return stocksym


 def stockvalue(stocks):
     # returns a dictionary with stock: price: change:
     stockvalues = {}
     for stock in stocks:
         resp, content = client.request("https://api.tradeking.com/v1/market/ext/quotes.json?symbols=%s" % stock, "GET")
         content = json.loads(content)
         change = content[u"response"][u"quotes"][u"quote"][u"chg_sign"]
         price = content[u"response"][u"quotes"][u"quote"][u"ask"]
         stockvalues.update({stock: {'price':price, 'change':change}})
     return stockvalues

 def parsevalues(stockvalues):
     #parses library, returns whether or not a stock in the dictionary is changing, and what price it is.
     values = []
     for stock in stockvalues:
         price = stockvalues[stock][u"price"]
         if stockvalues[stock][u"change"] == 'u':
             return "%s is going up! and the price is: %s" % (stock, price)
         elif stockvalues[stock][u"change"] == 'd':
            return "%s is going down! and the price is %s" % (stock, price)


 if __name__ == "__main__":
    parsevalues(stockvalue(getstocksym(urlquery())))

base.py

from flask import Flask, jsonify, render_template
import account
app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route("/")
def home():
   values = account.stockvalue(account.getstocksym(account.urlquery()))
   json = jsonify(values)
   json = values
   return render_template('home.html', json=json)

if __name__ == "__main__":
   app.run()

home.html

 <!doctype html>
 <html>
     <head>
         <title> 
            stock app! 
         </title>
     </head>
     <body>
         <ul>
             {% for stock, attr in json.iteritems() %}
                 <li>

                 {{ stock }} - {{attr.price}} <div style="display: inline-block; width: 10px; height: 10px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: {% if attr.    change == 'u' %} green  {% else %} red {% endif %}"></div>

                 </li>

             {% endfor %}
         </ul>
     </body>
 </html>

应用现在在本地成功运行，工头启动。

(venv)Eriks-MacBook-Pro:stockheroku erikmingo$ foreman start
17:57:31 web.1  | started with pid 752
17:57:32 web.1  | 2013-10-21 17:57:32 [752] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 18.0
17:57:32 web.1  | 2013-10-21 17:57:32 [752] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:5000 (752)
17:57:32 web.1  | 2013-10-21 17:57:32 [752] [INFO] Using worker: sync
17:57:32 web.1  | 2013-10-21 17:57:32 [755] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 755

所以此时我运行：

git add .
git commit -m "this works locally, maybe it will work on heroku!"
git push heroku master

把这个还给我：

Counting objects: 9, done.
Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
Writing objects: 100% (5/5), 463 bytes, done.
Total 5 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0)

-----> Python app detected
-----> No runtime.txt provided; assuming python-2.7.4.
-----> Using Python runtime (python-2.7.4)
-----> Installing dependencies using Pip (1.3.1)
       Cleaning up...
-----> Discovering process types
       Procfile declares types -> web

-----> Compiled slug size: 29.5MB
-----> Launching... done, v28
       http://still-fortress-2740.herokuapp.com deployed to Heroku

To git@heroku.com:still-fortress-2740.git
   34025ca..ecba67c  master -> master

当我进入 heroku open 我得到一个 500 错误。

这里是heroku日志：

2013-10-22T01:26:32.722581+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/ host=still-fortress-2740.herokuapp.com fwd="67.176.81.118" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=30ms status=500 bytes=135
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723565+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1403, in handle_exception
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723565+00:00 app[web.1]:     reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1817, in wsgi_app
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:     response = self.full_dispatch_request()
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1477, in full_dispatch_request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:     rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1381, in handle_user_exception
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:     reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1475, in full_dispatch_request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:     rv = self.dispatch_request()
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1461, in dispatch_request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]:     return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/base.py", line 8, in home
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:     values = account.stockvalue(account.getstocksym(account.urlquery()))
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/account.py", line 28, in urlquery
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:     resp, content = client.request(request_holdings_url, "GET")
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oauth2/__init__.py", line 682, in request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:     connection_type=connection_type)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httplib2/__init__.py", line 1570, in request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:     (response, content) = self._request(conn, authority, uri, request_uri, method, body, headers, redirections, cachekey)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httplib2/__init__.py", line 1317, in _request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]:     (response, content) = self._conn_request(conn, request_uri, method, body, headers)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httplib2/__init__.py", line 1252, in _conn_request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]:     conn.connect()
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]:   File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httplib2/__init__.py", line 1044, in connect
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]:     raise SSLHandshakeError(e)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]: SSLHandshakeError: [Errno 1] _ssl.c:504: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed

这是我在 stackoverlow 上的第一篇文章，我尽力遵循发布指南。让我知道您是否有任何其他信息会对您有所帮助...就像我上面提到的，当我将“/”路由的返回更改为字符串时，该应用程序可以在 heroku 上运行。

提前致谢！

编辑：看来问题出在我的 API 调用上……Heroku 说这是一次糟糕的 SSL 握手或其他什么……但这到底是什么意思？这绝对是我的 account.py 文件中的内容，但我不确定是什么。

【问题讨论】：

  • 关于糟糕的 SSL 握手见最新编辑。

标签： python git heroku flask gunicorn


【解决方案1】：

account 模块肯定存在某种问题。当我像这样创建虚拟account 时：

def stockvalue(foo):
    return {'foo': 'bar'}

def getstocksym(foo):
    return None

def urlquery():
    return None

一切顺利。

编辑

尝试用这个替换home，看看你会得到什么：

@app.route("/")
def home():
   try:
       values = account.stockvalue(account.getstocksym(account.urlquery()))
   except Exception as e:
       return jsonify({"error": str(e)})
   return jsonify(values)

或者在app = Flask(__name__) 之后添加app.config['DEBUG'] = True 更好。不要忘记在生产中将其删除。虽然它对调试很有用，但它并不安全

另一个修改

您似乎遇到了缺少证书的问题。它应该有帮助：

  1. 从 curl 站点下载证书：http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem
  2. 将cacert.pem 复制到应用的根目录（account.py 所在的位置）
  3. git add .
  4. 修改account.py 
import os
import oauth2 as oauth
# Other imports

token    = oauth.Token(key=_ACCESS_TOKEN_, secret=_ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET_)
consumer = oauth.Consumer(key=_CONSUMER_KEY_, secret=_CONSUMER_SECRET_)
request_holdings_url = "%s/accounts/%s/holdings.json" % (_BASE_URL_, _ACCOUNT_NUMBER_)
request_values_url = "%s/market/ext/quotes.xml?" % _BASE_URL_

#creating the client
client = oauth.Client(consumer, token=token)
client.ca_certs = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'cacert.pem')

#Rest of your code
...

提交并推送到 Heroku。

【讨论】：

  • 嗯嗯。当我尝试让 render_template 返回一个 hello world-esque html 文档时，它也不起作用。让我从 account.py 上传一些代码（我不想显示我的令牌等）。
  • 帐户内部发生了很多事情。尝试使用编辑中的代码运行您的应用程序，看看您会得到什么。它应该缩小搜索范围。
  • 在本地工作并给我 "{ "GGG": { "change": "u", "price": "80.8400" }, "ONVO": { "change": "u", "price": "6.2500" } } " 远程中断...将尝试改用您的代码。您认为 heroku 向 tradeking 发出 HTTP 请求可能有问题吗？
  • 在本地工作，在 heroku 上中断....我什至无法获取 html 文件

    嗨，世界！

    可以工作...
  • 你是对的，它与帐户模块有关！哎呀！看看它是否适用于模拟字典still-fortress-2740.herokuapp.com
猜你喜欢
  • 2018-10-18
  • 2021-09-09
  • 1970-01-01
  • 2021-05-12
  • 1970-01-01
  • 2016-09-10
  • 2017-08-06
  • 1970-01-01
  • 1970-01-01
相关资源
最近更新 更多
热门标签
Java Python linux javascript Mysql C# Docker 算法 前端 SpringBoot Redis Vue spring 设计模式 .net core .net kubernetes c++ 数据库 数据结构 大数据 js 机器学习 微服务 Android Go 程序员 面试 JVM ASP.net core 云原生 人工智能 后端 PHP git CSS golang k8s Nginx Django mybatis 深度学习 多线程 React 架构 devops 爬虫 云计算 Spring Boot LeetCode