Python3.5 - pip 安装错误：找不到 vcvarsall.bat

Question

Python v3.5， Windows 7 64 位， IDE：PyCharm 版本：4.5.4 构建：141.2569

情况： 当尝试使用 pip 安装名为 PyAutoGUI 的模块时，我遇到了“无法找到 vcvarsall.bat”错误。尝试从命令提示符安装最终会给出相同的错误。尽管该错误似乎很常见，解决方案是从http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/ 下载模块，但我没有找到我正在寻找的模块。

任何建议将不胜感激。

错误：

Collecting PyAutoGUI Downloading PyAutoGUI-0.9.31.zip (55kB) Collecting pymsgbox (from PyAutoGUI) Downloading PyMsgBox-1.0.3.zip Collecting PyTweening>=1.0.1 (from PyAutoGUI) Downloading PyTweening-1.0.2.zip Collecting Pillow (from PyAutoGUI) Downloading Pillow-2.9.0.tar.gz (9.3MB) Collecting pyscreeze (from PyAutoGUI) Downloading PyScreeze-0.1.7.zip Installing collected packages: pymsgbox, PyTweening, Pillow, pyscreeze, PyAutoGUI Running setup.py install for pymsgbox Running setup.py install for PyTweening Running setup.py install for Pillow Complete output from command C:\Users\Marx\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\python.exe -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\Marx\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pycharm-packaging0.tmp\\Pillow\\setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record C:\Users\Marx\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-iwse_fey-record\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile: Single threaded build, not installing mp_compile: 4 processes running install running build running build_py creating build creating build\lib.win32-3.5 creating build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\BdfFontFile.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\BmpImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ContainerIO.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\CurImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\DcxImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\EpsImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ExifTags.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\features.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\FitsStubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\FliImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\FontFile.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\FpxImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\GbrImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\GdImageFile.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\GifImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\GimpGradientFile.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\GimpPaletteFile.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\IcoImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\Image.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageChops.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageCms.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageColor.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageDraw.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageDraw2.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageEnhance.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageFile.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageFileIO.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageFilter.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageFont.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageGrab.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageMath.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageMode.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageMorph.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageOps.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImagePalette.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImagePath.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageQt.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageSequence.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageShow.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageStat.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageTk.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageTransform.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImageWin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\ImtImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\IptcImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\Jpeg2KImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\JpegImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\JpegPresets.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\MicImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\MpegImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\MpoImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\MspImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\OleFileIO.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PaletteFile.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PalmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PcdImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PcfFontFile.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PcxImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PdfImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PixarImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PngImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PpmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PsdImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PSDraw.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\PyAccess.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\SgiImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\SunImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\TarIO.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\TgaImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\TiffImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\TiffTags.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\WalImageFile.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\WebPImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\WmfImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\XbmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\XpmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\_binary.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\_util.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL copying PIL\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL running egg_info writing top-level names to Pillow.egg-info\top_level.txt writing dependency_links to Pillow.egg-info\dependency_links.txt writing Pillow.egg-info\PKG-INFO warning: manifest_maker: standard file '-c' not found reading manifest file 'Pillow.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in' writing manifest file 'Pillow.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' copying PIL\OleFileIO-README.md -> build\lib.win32-3.5\PIL warning: build_py: byte-compiling is disabled, skipping. running build_ext building 'PIL._imaging' extension error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat ----------------------------------------

Answer 1

我在使用 cx_Oracle 和 pysftp 等软件包时遇到了类似的问题。这对我有用：

1. 安装适当版本的 c++ 编译器。我在 win32 上使用以下 Python 解释器 Python 3.5.0 (v3.5.0:374f501f4567, Sep 13 2015, 02:16:59) [MSC v.1900 32 bit (Intel)]。我安装了 Visual Studio 2015 社区版。 （感谢@Colonel Panic）

2. 为您的目标包重新运行 pip。

编码愉快！！

参考：

• What version of Visual Studio is Python on my computer compiled with?
• Visual Studio 205 download link

Answer 2

如果你仔细阅读你的错误信息，你会发现错误是在尝试安装pillow时发生的。 pillow 在 Gohlke 的网站上确实有您链接到的版本。所以尝试从那里安装pillow，然后执行pip install pyautogui 看看它是否有效。

一些 Python 包的部分是用 C 编写的。要使用这些部分，您需要一个 C 编译器，或者需要一个用于该包的 Windows 安装程序（如 Gohlke 网站上提供的那些）。 PyAutoGUI 似乎不需要编译，但它需要 Pillow，而 Pillow 确实需要编译。因此，您可以通过单独安装 Pillow 来使其工作。 （您可能会再次收到错误消息，因为另一个依赖项可能存在相同的问题，因此您可能必须重复此过程，安装其他库，直到您安装了足够的库，pip 才能工作。）