如何使用数组为散点图中的簇着色？

Question

我正在使用 sklearn noisy_circles function 和链接中的 1500 分来创建 2 个圈子。
我有一个点引用数组，其中每个值都应该是不同的簇颜色：

nbrs_array = [ 88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88, 973,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
       973,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88, 984,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88, 992,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88, 972,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88, 992,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88, 984,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88, 972,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,  88,
        88,  88,  88,  88,  88]

数组中有 5 个唯一值，因此应该有 5 种不同的颜色。但是当我使用它来绘制它时：

plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
plt.scatter(x,y, c=nbrs_array)
plt.show()

输出为

Answer 1

这样的事情应该可以完成：

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.colors import Normalize, to_hex
from sklearn import datasets


def get_colors(arr, cmap='viridis'):
    cmap = cm.get_cmap(cmap)
    n = len(np.unique(arr))
    colornorm = Normalize(vmin=1, vmax=n)
    hex_map = dict()
    for i, cl in enumerate(np.unique(arr)):
        hex_map[cl] = to_hex(cmap(colornorm(i + 1)))
    colors = list(map(lambda x: hex_map[x], arr))
    return colors


n_samples = 1500
data, _ = datasets.make_circles(n_samples=n_samples, factor=.5, noise=.05)
x, y = data[:, 0], data[:, 1]
nbrs_array = [...]

plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
plt.scatter(x, y, c=get_colors(nbrs_array))
plt.show()