我认为您正在寻找颜色量化。
[imgQ,map]= rgb2ind(img,4,'nodither'); %change this 4 to the number of desired colors
%in quantized image
imshow(imgQ,map);
结果:
使用kmeans:
%img is the original image
imgVec=[reshape(img(:,:,1),[],1) reshape(img(:,:,2),[],1) reshape(img(:,:,3),[],1)];
[imgVecQ,imgVecC]=kmeans(double(imgVec),4); %4 colors
imgVecQK=pdist2(imgVec,imgVecC); %choosing the closest centroid to each pixel,
[~,indMin]=min(imgVecQK,[],2); %avoiding double for loop
imgVecNewQ=imgVecC(indMin,:); %quantizing
imgNewQ=img;
imgNewQ(:,:,1)=reshape(imgVecNewQ(:,1),size(img(:,:,1))); %arranging back into image
imgNewQ(:,:,2)=reshape(imgVecNewQ(:,2),size(img(:,:,1)));
imgNewQ(:,:,3)=reshape(imgVecNewQ(:,3),size(img(:,:,1)));
imshow(img)
figure,imshow(imgNewQ,[]);
kmeans 的结果:
如果要给kmeans添加距离约束,代码会略有不同。基本上,您还需要连接相应像素值的像素坐标。但是请记住,在为每个像素分配最近的质心时,只分配颜色,即前 3 个维度,而不是最后 2 个维度。这显然没有意义。代码和之前的很相似,请注意改动并理解。
[col,row]=meshgrid(1:size(img,2),1:size(img,1));
imgVec=[reshape(img(:,:,1),[],1) reshape(img(:,:,2),[],1) reshape(img(:,:,3),[],1) row(:) col(:)];
[imgVecQ,imgVecC]=kmeans(double(imgVec),4); %4 colors
imgVecQK=pdist2(imgVec(:,1:3),imgVecC(:,1:3));
[~,indMin]=min(imgVecQK,[],2);
imgVecNewQ=imgVecC(indMin,1:3); %quantizing
imgNewQ=img;
imgNewQ(:,:,1)=reshape(imgVecNewQ(:,1),size(img(:,:,1))); %arranging back into image
imgNewQ(:,:,2)=reshape(imgVecNewQ(:,2),size(img(:,:,1)));
imgNewQ(:,:,3)=reshape(imgVecNewQ(:,3),size(img(:,:,1)));
imshow(img)
figure,imshow(imgNewQ,[]);
kmeans 带距离约束的结果: