通过 PIP 安装 NPM，但得到“npm: command not found”

Question

我在 OS X Yosemite 10.10.5 上安装了 Python 2.7。我想通过 PIP 安装 NPM，命令显示成功，并且我在 /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/ 中有一个名为 npm 的目录，但是使用 NPM 执行任何操作都会产生“找不到命令”。

这就是我安装 PIP 和 NPM 的方式：

第 1 步

sudo easy_install pip

将此作为输出：

Reading https://pypi.python.org/simple/pip/
Best match: pip 8.1.2
Downloading https://pypi.python.org/packages/e7/a8/7556133689add8d1a54c0b14aeff0acb03c64707ce100ecd53934da1aa13/pip-8.1.2.tar.gz#md5=87083c0b9867963b29f7aba3613e8f4a
Processing pip-8.1.2.tar.gz
Writing /tmp/easy_install-v4g_ZO/pip-8.1.2/setup.cfg
Running pip-8.1.2/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-v4g_ZO/pip-8.1.2/egg-dist-tmp-5Ku7Ds
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.coveragerc'
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.mailmap'
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.travis.yml'
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.landscape.yml'
warning: no previously-included files found matching 'pip/_vendor/Makefile'
warning: no previously-included files found matching 'tox.ini'
warning: no previously-included files found matching 'dev-requirements.txt'
warning: no previously-included files found matching 'appveyor.yml'
no previously-included directories found matching '.github'
no previously-included directories found matching '.travis'
no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build'
no previously-included directories found matching 'contrib'
no previously-included directories found matching 'tasks'
no previously-included directories found matching 'tests'
Adding pip 8.1.2 to easy-install.pth file
Installing pip script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pip2.7 script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pip2 script to /usr/local/bin

Installed /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-8.1.2-py2.7.egg
Processing dependencies for pip
Finished processing dependencies for pip

第 2 步：

sudo -H pip install npm

将此作为输出：

Collecting npm
  Using cached npm-0.1.1.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): optional-django==0.1.0 in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from npm)
Installing collected packages: npm
  Running setup.py install for npm ... done

第 3 步：

npm -v

将此作为输出：

-bash: npm: command not found

这是我的 $PATH 变量中的内容，但为了便于阅读，将其分成单独的行。需要注意的是这些是我从别人的机器上复制过来的，而我的机器没有/usr/local/lib目录。

/usr/local/bin:
/usr/bin:
/bin:
/usr/sbin:
/sbin:
/opt/local/bin:
/opt/local/sbin:
/usr/local/lib/python2.7:
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages:
/usr/local/lib/node_modules:
/usr/bin/python2.7:
/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/npm

我对 Linux 并不陌生，但我是 OS X 的新手，所以这很明显我忽略了。

Answer 1

你在步骤 2 中所做的操作

sudo -H pip install npm 

不在您的计算机上安装 npm。 此命令只要求安装名为 npm 的 python 包。

包描述可用https://pypi.python.org/pypi/npm/0.1.1:)

如developper github 存储库中所述，此python 包专为“npm 的Python 绑定和实用程序”而设计。

注意此包未维护。

如果你想安装 npm 你应该检查node js web site

Answer 2

如果您在谈论 npm（节点包管理器），您必须先安装 Nodejs。 NPM 带有 Node.js。

要通过 Mac 执行此操作，请使用 http://brew.sh 或 https://www.macports.org。

brew update
brew install node

Answer 3

对于Python-3，要安装npm(1) 命令（不是npm bindings），应该这样做：

让${HOME}/pyvenv.d/ 成为Python-3 虚拟环境所在的位置。那么：

user$ source ${HOME}/pyvenv.d/activate

(pyvenv.d) user$ pip install nodeenv  # Install a tool that can install a pre-build npm(1) version.
(pyvenv.d) user$ nodeenv -p           # Run tool to install npm(1) in current Python venv.

(pyvenv.d) user$ which npm
/home/user/pyvenv.d/bin/npm

(pyvenv.d) user$ npm --version
7.3.0

(pyvenv.d) user$ which node
/home/user/pyvenv.d/bin/node

(pyvenv.d) user$ node --version
v15.5.0

只要Python-3 虚拟环境保持激活状态，您现在就可以正常发出npm(1) 命令。例如：

(pyvenv.d) user$ npm install [-g] configurable-http-proxy

我希望这会有所帮助。