无法安装python

Question

我尝试通过下载源代码在 OpenSuSE Linux 上手动安装 Python，然后运行：

configure --prefix=/path/to/my/dir/installed/python

和

make && make install

（我必须这样做，因为我使用的是我机构提供的服务器，而我没有 root 访问权限）

这给了我以下警告：

make: warning: Clock skew detected. Your build may be incomplete.

我不确定该警告是否与我将来遇到的错误有关。 （编辑：这个警告现在消失了）

我检查了安装日志，我意识到它给了我以下错误：

gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/include -I. -IInclude -I./Include -I/usr/local/include -I/path/to/my/dir/setup/Python-2.7.11/Include -I/path/to/my/dir/setup/Python-2.7.11 -c /path/to/my/dir/setup/Python-2.7.11/Modules/_curses_panel.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/path/to/my/dir/setup/Python-2.7.11/Modules/_curses_panel.o
/path/to/my/dir/setup/Python-2.7.11/Modules/_curses_panel.c:17:19: fatal error: panel.h: No such file or directory
 #include <panel.h>
                   ^
compilation terminated.

Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found:
bsddb185           dl                 imageop         
sunaudiodev                                           
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.

现在我通过

运行 python

/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/bin/python

它给了我以下错误：

Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
Python 2.7.13 (default, May 26 2017, 18:16:53) 
[GCC 4.8.5] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/etc/pythonstart", line 7, in <module>
    import readline
ImportError: No module named readline

我尝试使用How can I troubleshoot Python "Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>" 以及一些类似的链接来修复此错误，并将我的环境变量设置为：

export PYTHONPATH='/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/:/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/lib-dynload:/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages'
export PYTHONHOME='/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib

现在如果我运行 python，它会给我这个错误：

ImportError: No module named site

我在 Stackoverflow 上搜索后者的解决方案，但他们只是告诉我回去取消设置 $PYTHONHOME 和 $PYTHONPATH ...

我也尝试过将两条路径重置到其他位置，但都不起作用。

供您参考，如果我取消设置路径，然后运行python，它仍然会输出之前的“找不到依赖库”错误，如果我尝试找到它提供的路径：

>>>import sys
>>>sys.path
['', '/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/python27.zip',
'/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/python2.7',
'/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2', 
'/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/python2.7/lib-tk', 
'/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/python2.7/lib-old', 
'/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/lib-dynload',
'/path/to/my/dir/installed/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages']

Answer 1

您可能已经找到了答案。但是对于将来需要帮助的任何人，我找到了一个对自己有用的答案。打开命令提示符/终端，输入以下命令。

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install python3.6

如果你做对了，python 3.6 应该会成功安装。