Jupyter：在 spyder / jupyter notebook 中启动内核时访问被拒绝错误

Question

在 anaconda 中执行“update -all”后，特别是 spyder 到 4.0.1，spyder 和 jupyter 不再能够启动内核，因为下面附加了错误（在更新之前一切正常）。

我尝试以管理员身份运行 anaconda、jupyter 和 spyder。我已经单独重新安装了所有 anaconda 组件和 anaconda 本身。我也多次重启了我的电脑。视窗 7。

来自 jupyter notebook 的错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\web.py", line 1699, in _execute
    result = await result
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\gen.py", line 742, in run
    yielded = self.gen.throw(*exc_info)  # type: ignore
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\notebook\services\sessions\handlers.py", line 72, in post
    type=mtype))
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\gen.py", line 735, in run
    value = future.result()
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\gen.py", line 742, in run
    yielded = self.gen.throw(*exc_info)  # type: ignore
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\notebook\services\sessions\sessionmanager.py", line 88, in create_session
    kernel_id = yield self.start_kernel_for_session(session_id, path, name, type, kernel_name)
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\gen.py", line 735, in run
    value = future.result()
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\gen.py", line 742, in run
    yielded = self.gen.throw(*exc_info)  # type: ignore
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\notebook\services\sessions\sessionmanager.py", line 101, in start_kernel_for_session
    self.kernel_manager.start_kernel(path=kernel_path, kernel_name=kernel_name)
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\gen.py", line 735, in run
    value = future.result()
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\gen.py", line 209, in wrapper
    yielded = next(result)
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\notebook\services\kernels\kernelmanager.py", line 168, in start_kernel
    super(MappingKernelManager, self).start_kernel(**kwargs)
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\multikernelmanager.py", line 110, in start_kernel
    km.start_kernel(**kwargs)
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\manager.py", line 240, in start_kernel
    self.write_connection_file()
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 476, in write_connection_file
    kernel_name=self.kernel_name
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 141, in write_connection_file
    with secure_write(fname) as f:
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\contextlib.py", line 112, in __enter__
    return next(self.gen)
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\jupyter_core\paths.py", line 424, in secure_write
    win32_restrict_file_to_user(fname)
  File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\jupyter_core\paths.py", line 375, in win32_restrict_file_to_user
    win32security.SetFileSecurity(fname, win32security.DACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION, sd)
pywintypes.error: (5, 'SetFileSecurity', 'Access is denied.')

来自 spyder 的错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\spyder\plugins\ipythonconsole\plugin.py", line 1173, in create_kernel_manager_and_kernel_client
kernel_manager.start_kernel(stderr=stderr_handle, **kwargs)
File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\jupyter_client\manager.py", line 240, in start_kernel
self.write_connection_file()
File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 476, in write_connection_file
kernel_name=self.kernel_name
File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 141, in write_connection_file
with secure_write(fname) as f:
File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\contextlib.py", line 112, in __enter__
return next(self.gen)
File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\jupyter_core\paths.py", line 424, in secure_write
win32_restrict_file_to_user(fname)
File "D:\Chris\Continuum\anaconda3\lib\site‑packages\jupyter_core\paths.py", line 375, in win32_restrict_file_to_user
win32security.SetFileSecurity(fname, win32security.DACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION, sd)
pywintypes.error: (5, 'SetFileSecurity', 'Access is denied.')

Answer 1

我在 Windows Server 2016 上看到了与最新版本的 jupyter-client 完全相同的错误问题，在启动内核时抛出“访问被拒绝”错误。

据我所知：Jupyter 正在尝试对我们用户文件夹中的文件设置权限（例如 C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Roaming\jupyter）。并且由于某种原因，我们无权编辑此文件夹中文件的权限 - 因此 Jupyter 也没有权限并且它失败了。可以通过告诉 Jupyter 允许这些文件“不安全”来解决这个问题。在您的命令提示符下，在激活您的环境之后并在启动 Jupyter 之前执行以下操作：

set JUPYTER_ALLOW_INSECURE_WRITES=1

然后：

jupyter notebook

现在希望您的内核能够启动。

这个 GitHub 问题与寻找解决方案最相关：https://github.com/jupyter/notebook/issues/4907#issuecomment-588536184

Answer 2

这个问题也让我很困扰。在对这个和其他解决方案进行了几个小时的研究之后，我从其他地方找到了解决方案。然而，为了让这一点更加明显，这里是为那些来到这里的人准备的。请注意，这与上述 dartagan 的解决方案非常相似。

我设置了一个全局环境变量。在我们的网络上，这适用于每个用户-计算机组合。因此，如果学生更换计算机，该学生将需要重新应用解决方案。

1. 查找在 Windows 中设置全局环境变量的位置（搜索 电脑上会快速显示）
2. 创建一个名为 JUPYTER_ALLOW_INSECURE_WRITES 的新变量
3. 将此变量的值设置为 1

就是这样。

如果是，我希望知道为什么这个解决方案有问题。