两个日期之间的 Python 月份开始日期和结束日期答案

【问题标题】：Python month start and end dates between two dates两个日期之间的 Python 月份开始日期和结束日期
【发布时间】：2020-12-17 14:29:32
【问题描述】：

我需要在两个日期之间设置每个月的开始日期和结束日期。目前，我每次需要时都手动创建列表。

start = 2019-10-01
end = today

预期输出：

start_times = ['10/1/2019 05:00:00 AM','11/1/2019 05:00:00 AM','12/1/2019 05:00:00 AM','1/1/2020 05:00:00 AM','2/1/2020 05:00:00 AM','3/1/2020 05:00:00 AM'+'4/1/2020 05:00:00 AM','5/1/2020 05:00:00 AM','6/1/2020 05:00:00 AM','7/1/2020 05:00:00 AM','8/1/2020 05:00:00 AM']
end_times = ['10/31/2019 08:00:00 PM','11/30/2019 08:00:00 PM','12/31/2019 08:00:00 PM','1/31/2020 08:00:00 PM','2/29/2020 08:00:00 PM','3/31/2020 08:00:00 PM','4/30/2020 08:00:00 PM','5/31/2020 08:00:00 PM','6/30/2020 08:00:00 PM','7/31/2020 08:00:00 PM','8/31/2020 08:00:00 PM']

关于如何在此处继续的任何想法。

【问题讨论】：

早上 5 点和晚上 8 点从何而来？
程序的其余部分要求日期采用这种格式才能运行。否则会引发错误。

标签： python pandas numpy datetime python-datetime

【解决方案1】：

因为您需要日期范围和特定格式，我建议使用 numpy 进行日期范围创建和计算，然后使用 python datetime 进行如下格式设置：

import numpy as np
import datetime as dt

def dateRange(start='2019-10-01', end='2020-08-28'):
    
    start_date = np.datetime64(start[:-3])  
    #Add one month to end date so last month is included
    end_date = np.datetime64(end[:-3]) + np.timedelta64(1, 'M')
    #Create Date Range
    date_range = np.arange(start_date, end_date, dtype='datetime64[M]')
    #Add 5 AM to start_dates
    start_dates = date_range + np.timedelta64(5, 'h')
    #Add 1 Month and subrtract 4 hours to 8 PM on last day of month
    end_dates = date_range + np.timedelta64(1, 'M') - np.timedelta64(4, 'h')
    #Apply Formatting   
    final_start_dates = [parse_date(np.datetime_as_string(d, unit='s')) for d in start_dates]
    final_end_dates = [parse_date(np.datetime_as_string(d, unit='s')) for d in end_dates]
    
    return final_start_dates, final_end_dates

def parse_date(date_string):
    #parse numpy date string
    date_time = date_string.split('T')
    date_parts = date_time[0].split('-')
    time_parts = date_time[1][:-1].split(':')
    #convert string values to ints
    datetime_ints = [int(d) for d in date_parts] + [int(time_parts[0])]
    
    #apply formatting
    return dt.datetime(*datetime_ints).strftime('%m/%d/%Y %I:%M:%S %p')

输出：

>>> start,end=dateRange()
>>> start
['10/01/2019 05:00:00 AM', '11/01/2019 05:00:00 AM', '12/01/2019 05:00:00 AM', '01/01/2020 05:00:00 AM', '02/01/2020 05:00:00 AM', '03/01/2020 05:00:00 AM', '04/01/2020 05:00:00 AM', '05/01/2020 05:00:00 AM', '06/01/2020 05:00:00 AM', '07/01/2020 05:00:00 AM', '08/01/2020 05:00:00 AM']
>>> end
['10/31/2019 08:00:00 PM', '11/30/2019 08:00:00 PM', '12/31/2019 08:00:00 PM', '01/31/2020 08:00:00 PM', '02/29/2020 08:00:00 PM', '03/31/2020 08:00:00 PM', '04/30/2020 08:00:00 PM', '05/31/2020 08:00:00 PM', '06/30/2020 08:00:00 PM', '07/31/2020 08:00:00 PM', '08/31/2020 08:00:00 PM']

我认为这就是您对每天生产的问题所寻找的。其实更简单。

def all_dates(start='2019-10-01', end='2019-10-15'):
    
    start_date = np.datetime64(start)   
    #Add one day to end date so last say is included
    end_date = np.datetime64(end) + np.timedelta64(1, 'D')
    #Create Date Range
    date_range = np.arange(start_date, end_date, dtype='datetime64[D]')
    
    final_start_dates = [parse_date(np.datetime_as_string(d + np.timedelta64(5, 'h'), unit='s')) for d in date_range]
    
    final_end_dates = [parse_date(np.datetime_as_string(d + np.timedelta64(20, 'h'), unit='s')) for d in date_range]
    
    return final_start_dates, final_end_dates

输出：

>>> start, end = all_dates()
>>> start
['10/1/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/2/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/3/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/4/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/5/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/6/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/7/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/8/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/9/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/10/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/11/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/12/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/13/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/14/2019 05:00:00 AM', '10/15/2019 05:00:00 AM']
>>> end
['10/1/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/2/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/3/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/4/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/5/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/6/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/7/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/8/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/9/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/10/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/11/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/12/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/13/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/14/2019 08:00:00 PM', '10/15/2019 08:00:00 PM']

【讨论】：

我有一个问题。现在我想每天早上 5 点和晚上 8 点进行制作。我如何获得它？
谢谢。我实际上修改了您的原始代码以根据要求生成月份或日期。谢谢你的回答。

【解决方案2】：

最后一天是下个月的第一天减1。

from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta

start = datetime(year = 2020, month = 5, day = 16)

start_times = datetime(year = start.year, month = start.month, day = 1)

if start.month == 12:
    end_times = datetime(year = start.year + 1, month = 1, day = 1) - timedelta(days = 1)
else:
    end_times = datetime(year = start.year, month = start.month + 1, day = 1) - timedelta(days = 1)
    
print(start_times)
print(end_times)

输出：

2020-05-01 00:00:00
2020-05-31 00:00:00

【讨论】：