为什么 .Net 代码版本挂起，但 C++ 没有？

Question

为什么 .Net (C#) 中的相同代码会挂起，但在 C++ 中却不是？真正的问题在于 System.IO.FileStream，但我将其简化为 CreateFile，但它仍然挂在 .Net 中（同时几乎 100% 类似于 C++ 代码）：

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        static IntPtr _handle;

        static void Main()
        {
            _handle = CreateFile("test.txt", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
                FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, IntPtr.Zero,
                OPEN_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, IntPtr.Zero);

            new Thread(MyProc) { IsBackground = true }.Start();
            new Thread(MyProc) { IsBackground = true }.Start();

            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        static void MyProc()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < int.MaxValue; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(i);

                var _overlapped = new NativeOverlapped();

                LockFileEx(_handle, LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK, 0, int.MaxValue, int.MaxValue, ref _overlapped);

                Thread.Sleep(50);

                UnlockFileEx(_handle, 0, int.MaxValue, int.MaxValue, ref _overlapped);
            }
        }

        public const int LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK = 0x00000002;

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern bool LockFileEx(IntPtr hFile, int flags, int reserved, int numberOfBytesToLockLow, int numberOfBytesToLockHigh,
            ref NativeOverlapped overlapped);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern bool UnlockFileEx(IntPtr hFile, int reserved, int numberOfBytesToUnlockLow, int numberOfBytesToUnlockHigh,
            ref NativeOverlapped overlapped);

        public const int GENERIC_READ = unchecked((int)0x80000000L);
        public const int GENERIC_WRITE = (int)0x40000000L;

        public const int OPEN_ALWAYS = 4;

        public const int FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001;
        public const int FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002;
        public const int FILE_SHARE_DELETE = 0x00000004;

        public const int FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x00000080;

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern IntPtr CreateFile(string fileName, int desiredAccess, int shareMode,
            IntPtr pSecurityAttributes, int creationDisposition, int flagsAndAttributes, IntPtr hTemplateFile);
    }
}

这是不挂起的C++版本：

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <thread>
#include <Windows.h>

HANDLE hFile;

DWORD WINAPI MyProc(LPVOID lpParam);

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    hFile = CreateFile(L"test.txt", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
        FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL,
        OPEN_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);  

    HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, MyProc, NULL, 0, NULL);
    HANDLE hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, MyProc, NULL, 0, NULL);

    int ch = getchar();

    return 0;
}

DWORD WINAPI MyProc(LPVOID lpParam)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < INT_MAX; i++)
    {
        printf("%d\r\n", i);

        OVERLAPPED overlapped = {0};

        LockFileEx(hFile, LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK, 0, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, &overlapped);

        Sleep(50);

        UnlockFileEx(hFile, 0, INT_MAX, INT_MAX, &overlapped);
    }

    return 0;
}

Answer 1

在同一个文件句柄上使用 LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK 调用 LockFileEx 两次似乎是无效的。它必须是不同的文件句柄或句柄的某种进程内同步。

令人不安的是，MSDN 文档中的问题并没有明确的含义。并且在运行时没有明确的错误消息。更重要的是，在我看来，这个问题只在我的电脑上重现。这有点丑。