缺少列的 R dplyr 子集

Question

我有以下代码，并希望将列选择到新的data.frame。

library(dplyr)
df = data.frame(
    Manhattan=c(1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0), 
    Brooklyn=c(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0), 
    The_Bronx=c(1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0), 
    Staten_Island=c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0), 
    "2012"=c("P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q"), 
    "2013"=c("P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "Q", "Q", "P", "P", "P", "P", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q"), 
    "2014"=c("P", "P", "P", "Q", "Q", "P", "P", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "P", "Q", "P", "P", "P", "Q", "Q"), 
    "2015"=c("P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "Q", "Q", "Q", "P", "Q", "P", "P", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q", "Q"), check.names=FALSE)
df2 <- subset(df, select = c("Manhattan", "Queens", "The_Bronx"))

这会引发错误：

Error in [.data.frame`(x, r, vars, drop = drop) : 
   undefined columns selected

因为df 中缺少“Queens”列。如何覆盖该错误，以便 R 继续创建 df2 仅包含“Manhattan”和“The_Bronx”列？

非常重要：我的真实数据有数百列，因此无法从命令df2 <- subset(df, select = c("Manhattan", "Queens", "The_Bronx")) 中手动删除“Queens”之类的列（除非有什么技巧？）。有没有办法解决这个问题？谢谢。

Answer 1

在基本 R 中，您可以使用 intersect 仅选择存在的名称。

cols <- c("Manhattan", "Queens", "The_Bronx")
subset(df, select = intersect(names(df), cols))

#   Manhattan The_Bronx
#1          1         1
#2          1         1
#3          0         0
#4          1         0
#5          1         0
#6          1         0
#7          1         0
#8          0         0
#...
#....

或者在dplyr中使用any_of：

library(dplyr)
df %>% select(tidyselect::any_of(cols))

Answer 2

我们也可以

cols <- c("Manhattan", "Queens", "The_Bronx")
library(dplyr)
df %>%
   select(matches(str_c(cols, collapse="|")))