Sequelize-CLI、Postgres、Heroku 生产 TypeError [ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE]：“url”参数必须是字符串类型。接收类型未定义答案

【问题标题】：Sequelize-CLI, Postgres, Heroku production TypeError [ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE]: The "url" argument must be of type string. Received type undefinedSequelize-CLI、Postgres、Heroku 生产 TypeError [ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE]：“url”参数必须是字符串类型。接收类型未定义
【发布时间】：2020-11-08 12:49:29
【问题描述】：

我已经被这个错误困扰了几天了，所以我在这里寻找一些见解。我有一个 PRN 堆栈应用程序，我第一次尝试将它部署到 Heroku。我的应用程序看起来不错。我的应用程序在本地开发中运行良好。我可以从 react build 运行它来提供静态文件，我可以在两个端口上运行前端和后端，它可以工作。我认为这个问题也与 Sequelize-CLI 如何尝试解析 Heroku 在生产中设置的 DATABASE_URL 配置变量有关。如果我记录 process.env.DATABASE_URL 我会从 Heroku 获取 URI 字符串（在下面的错误堆栈中注明）。

我确保 PG 插件配置正确。
我在 .env 文件和 heroku 仪表板中都设置了所有配置变量
我的 node_modules、.env 文件未提交到我的仓库。
我已经删除了我的 node_modules 和 package-lock.json 并重新安装了它们
我已注销 process.env.DATABASE_URL 并成功记录了 URI

我不断收到此错误堆栈：

enter code here2020-07-19T00:56:44.000000+00:00 app[api]: Build succeeded
2020-07-19T00:57:10.671364+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `npm start`
2020-07-19T00:57:14.245382+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2020-07-19T00:57:14.245410+00:00 app[web.1]: > locals@1.0.0 start /app
2020-07-19T00:57:14.245411+00:00 app[web.1]: > node server.js
2020-07-19T00:57:14.245411+00:00 app[web.1]: 

// this is the console.log(process.env.DATABASE_URL)
2020-07-19T01:09:25.213184+00:00 app[web.1]: postgres://<user>:<password><omitted-info>:<port>/<app>

2020-07-19T00:57:14.903836+00:00 app[web.1]: internal/validators.js:107
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903838+00:00 app[web.1]: throw new ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE(name, 'string', value);
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903839+00:00 app[web.1]: ^
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903839+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903841+00:00 app[web.1]: TypeError [ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE]: The "url" argument must be of type string. Received type undefined
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903841+00:00 app[web.1]: at validateString (internal/validators.js:107:11)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903841+00:00 app[web.1]: at Url.parse (url.js:155:3)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903842+00:00 app[web.1]: at Object.urlParse [as parse] (url.js:150:13)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903843+00:00 app[web.1]: at new Sequelize (/app/node_modules/sequelize/lib/sequelize.js:187:28)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903843+00:00 app[web.1]: at Object.<anonymous> (/app/models/index.js:14:15)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903844+00:00 app[web.1]: at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:759:30)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903844+00:00 app[web.1]: at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:770:10)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903845+00:00 app[web.1]: at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:628:32)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903845+00:00 app[web.1]: at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:555:12)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903845+00:00 app[web.1]: at Module.require (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:666:19)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903846+00:00 app[web.1]: at require (internal/modules/cjs/helpers.js:16:16)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903846+00:00 app[web.1]: at Object.<anonymous> (/app/server.js:11:16)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903847+00:00 app[web.1]: at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:759:30)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903847+00:00 app[web.1]: at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:770:10)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903847+00:00 app[web.1]: at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:628:32)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903848+00:00 app[web.1]: at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:555:12)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903848+00:00 app[web.1]: at Function.Module.runMain (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:826:10)
2020-07-19T00:57:14.903849+00:00 app[web.1]: at internal/main/run_main_module.js:17:11
2020-07-19T00:57:14.915610+00:00 app[web.1]: npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
2020-07-19T00:57:14.916028+00:00 app[web.1]: npm ERR! errno 1
2020-07-19T00:57:14.917598+00:00 app[web.1]: npm ERR! locals@1.0.0 start: `node server.js`
2020-07-19T00:57:14.917834+00:00 app[web.1]: npm ERR! Exit status 1
2020-07-19T00:57:14.918113+00:00 app[web.1]: npm ERR!
2020-07-19T00:57:14.918349+00:00 app[web.1]: npm ERR! Failed at the locals@1.0.0 start script.
2020-07-19T00:57:14.918598+00:00 app[web.1]: npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.
2020-07-19T00:57:14.952443+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2020-07-19T00:57:14.952709+00:00 app[web.1]: npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
2020-07-19T00:57:14.952798+00:00 app[web.1]: npm ERR!     /app/.npm/_logs/2020-07-19T00_57_14_920Z-debug.log
2020-07-19T00:57:15.047526+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 1
2020-07-19T00:57:15.094041+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
2020-07-19T00:57:15.951511+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=locals-deploy.herokuapp.com request_id=f27a1f1b-5d62-4d98-9383-6d5e46242789 fwd="71.92.89.136" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https

现在，如果我尝试在生产模式下在 heroku 上运行 db:migrate，我会收到另一个关于 URL 的错误。

heroku run sequelize db:migrate --env production --app locals-deploy

错误：

Running sequelize db:migrate on ⬢ locals-deploy... up, run.7436 (Free)

Sequelize CLI [Node: 12.0.0, CLI: 5.5.1, ORM: 5.22.3]

Loaded configuration file "config/config.js".
Using environment "production".

ERROR: Error parsing url: undefined

package.json

{
  "name": "locals",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "A place for travelers to meet locals.",
  "main": "server.js",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "node server.js",
    "heroku-postbuild": "cd client && npm install && npm run build"
  },
  "author": "Name Name",
  "license": "MIT",
  "dependencies": {
    "axios": "^0.19.2",
    "bcryptjs": "^2.4.3",
    "body-parser": "^1.19.0",
    "cloudinary": "^1.22.0",
    "config": "^3.3.1",
    "cors": "^2.8.5",
    "express": "^4.17.1",
    "express-fileupload": "^1.1.7-alpha.3",
    "express-validator": "^6.5.0",
    "jsonwebtoken": "^8.5.1",
    "nodemon": "^2.0.4",
    "pg": "^8.2.1",
    "pg-hstore": "^2.3.3",
    "sequelize": "^5.21.11",
    "sequelize-cli": "^5.5.1"
  },
  "engines": {
    "node": "12.0.0"
  }
}

server.js

const express = require('express');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
const app = express();
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 5000;

const upload = require('express-fileupload');
app.use(upload({useTempFiles: true}));

const cors = require('cors');
const path = require('path');
const models = require('./models');

// variable to enable global error logging
const enableGlobalErrorLogging =
  process.env.ENABLE_GLOBAL_ERROR_LOGGING === 'true';

// Enable All CORS Requests
app.use(cors());

//Init Middleware
app.use(bodyParser.json());
app.use(
  bodyParser.urlencoded({
    extended: true,
  })
);

//app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'client/build')));

console.log(process.env.NODE_ENV);
//if running in production mode then it serves static files from build in client
if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production') {
  //points to index.js in client
  app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'client/build')));
}

//Routes
app.use('/users', require('./routes/users'));
app.use('/auth', require('./routes/auth'));
app.use('/posts', require('./routes/posts'));
app.use('/api/profile', require('./routes/profile'));
app.use('/adventure', require('./routes/adventure'));
app.use('/review', require('./routes/review'));
app.use('/favorites', require('./routes/favorites'));
app.use('/upload', require('./routes/uploadImage'));

//catch all method redirects to build folder
app.get('*', (req, res) => {
  res.sendFile(path.join(__dirname, 'client/build', 'index.html'));
});

// send 404 if no other route matched
app.use((req, res) => {
  res.status(404).json({
    message: 'Route Not Found',
  });
});

// setup a global error handler
app.use((err, req, res, next) => {
  console.log('I am catching the error');
  if (enableGlobalErrorLogging) {
    console.error(`Global error handler: ${JSON.stringify(err.stack)}`);
  }
  if (err.name === 'SequelizeUniqueConstraintError') {
    return res.status(400).json({
      errors: ['Email for user already exists'],
    });
  }
  // if (err.name === 'SequelizeDatabaseError') {
  //   return res.status(404).json({errors: 'Oh no! Page not found.'});
  // }
  res.status(err.status || 500).json({
    message: err.message,
    name: err.name,
    error: {},
  });
});

//Sets Port and Listens
return models.sequelize.sync().then((result) => {
  app.listen(process.env.PORT || 5000, () => {
    console.log(`App running on port ${process.env.PORT || 5000}.`);
  });
});

config.js

if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') require('dotenv').config();
//PG_HOST = 127.0.0.1

console.log(process.env.DATABASE_URL);
module.exports = {
  development: {
    username: process.env.PG_USER,
    password: process.env.PG_PASSWORD,
    database: process.env.PG_DATABASE,
    host: process.env.PG_HOST,
    dialect: 'postgres',
    port: process.env.PG_PORT,
    operatorsAliases: 0,
  },
  test: {
    username: process.env.PG_USER,
    password: process.env.PG_PASSWORD,
    database: process.env.PG_DATABASE,
    host: process.env.PG_HOST,
    dialect: 'postgres',
    port: process.env.PG_PORT,
    operatorsAliases: 0,
  },
  production: {
    use_env_variable: process.env.DATABASE_URL,
    dialect: 'postgres',
    dialectOptions: {
      ssl: true,
    },
  },
};

Procfile

web: node server.js

编辑我做了一个错误报告，实际上我认为我可能已经修复了抛出错误的 node_modules 包中的问题。现在我必须弄清楚如何在 Heroku 中进行更改，因为我们不提交 node_modules 来查看它是否有效。我现在可以在生产模式下本地运行它，而不会重现错误。

如果有人感兴趣，请报告错误报告

https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/issues/12528

【问题讨论】：

标签： node.js postgresql heroku sequelize.js

【解决方案1】：

在你的配置文件中试试这个

production: {
    use_env_variable: "DATABASE_URL",
    dialect: 'postgres',
    dialectOptions: {
      ssl: true,
    },
  },

由于您使用的是use_env_variable，因此您应该能够将变量的名称作为值。

【讨论】：

您好，感谢您的快速回复。我已尝试执行您的解决方案并将配置文件重新配置为 .json。仍然没有运气。我一直抛出同样的错误。如果我不使用括号并且不使用 process.env。我抛出一个类型错误无法读取 DATABASE_URL。如果我手动将 NODE_ENV 设置为生产环境并在生产环境下硬编码 URL，我也能够在本地重现该错误。

【解决方案2】：

事实证明，我的 node_modules/sequelize 包中有一个错误。我追踪到/node_modules/sequelize/lib/sequelize.js:187:28。发生的事情是我的配置文件正在从process.env.DATABASE_URL 提交生产环境中的URI 字符串，它附加到username 参数或索引1。问题是url.parse 的编写方式以及传递的参数。但是，如果用户提交它传递的 DATABASE_URL URI，就好像它是一个数组一样，那么第一个参数始终是未定义的，因为它附加到它的用户名，即索引 1。我将解析参数更改为 const urlParts = url.parse(options.use_env_variable, true);，这似乎通过直接获取要解析的 URI 而不是担心索引值来清除我所有的问题。

constructor(database, username, password, options) {
    let config;

    if (arguments.length === 1 && typeof database === 'object') {
      // new Sequelize({ ... options })
      options = database;
      config = _.pick(options, 'host', 'port', 'database', 'username', 'password');
    } else if (
      (arguments.length === 1 && typeof database === 'string') ||
      (arguments.length === 2 && typeof username === 'object')
    ) {
      // new Sequelize(URI, { ... options })   <--this was already commented out

      config = {};
      options = username || {};

      // url.parse wants to access the object like an array, however, first item is always undefined and it 
      // needs to access the use_env_variable, which is attached to username argument
     // const urlParts = url.parse(options.use_env_variable, true);

      const urlParts = url.parse(arguments[0], true);

      options.dialect = urlParts.protocol.replace(/:$/, '');
      options.host = urlParts.hostname;
...

之后我下载了 npm patch-package 并将我的补丁包推送到 git 和 heroku 并且它可以工作。

【讨论】：