在企业环境中创建 Angular 项目（无 Internet）答案

【问题标题】：Creating an Angular project in a corporate environment (no Internet)在企业环境中创建 Angular 项目（无 Internet）
【发布时间】：2019-05-13 19:19:49
【问题描述】：

我在公司环境中工作，所有东西都必须通过代理（或隔离）。我们有 Artifactory Pro 来镜像 Maven Central、NPM Registry 和 DockerHub。我们多年来一直在使用 Maven，它的效果非常好。我们最近开始通过 Node.js 和 npm 使用 Angular 进行前端开发。安全要求保持不变。

使用 Angular CLI (ng new my-app) 创建新的 Angular 项目时，会从我们的公司 Artifactory 实例中获取数百个 npm 依赖项，这是预期的。 但是，几分钟后该过程失败并显示以下消息：

[...]

CREATE my-app5/e2e/src/app.e2e-spec.ts (299 bytes)
CREATE my-app5/e2e/src/app.po.ts (204 bytes)
npm WARN deprecated circular-json@0.5.9: CircularJSON is in maintenance only, flatted is its successor.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    ms)
> node-sass@4.10.0 install C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\node-sass
> node scripts/install.js

Downloading binary from https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v4.10.0/win32-x64-64_binding.node
Cannot download "https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v4.10.0/win32-x64-64_binding.node":

getaddrinfo ENOTFOUND github.com github.com:443

Hint: If github.com is not accessible in your location
      try setting a proxy via HTTP_PROXY, e.g.

      export HTTP_PROXY=http://example.com:1234

or configure npm proxy via

      npm config set proxy http://example.com:8080

> node-sass@4.10.0 postinstall C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\node-sass
> node scripts/build.js

Building: C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js rebuild --verbose --libsass_ext= --libsass_cflags= --libsass_ldflags= --libsass_library=
gyp info it worked if it ends with ok
gyp verb cli [ 'C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe',
gyp verb cli   'C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js',
gyp verb cli   'rebuild',
gyp verb cli   '--verbose',
gyp verb cli   '--libsass_ext=',
gyp verb cli   '--libsass_cflags=',
gyp verb cli   '--libsass_ldflags=',
gyp verb cli   '--libsass_library=' ]
gyp info using node-gyp@3.8.0
gyp info using node@10.13.0 | win32 | x64
gyp verb command rebuild []
gyp verb command clean []
gyp verb clean removing "build" directory
gyp verb command configure []
gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "python2" in the PATH
gyp verb `which` failed Error: not found: python2
gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed     at F (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed     at E (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:154:21)
gyp verb `which` failed  python2 { Error: not found: python2
gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed     at F (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed     at E (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:154:21)
gyp verb `which` failed   stack:
gyp verb `which` failed    'Error: not found: python2\n    at getNotFoundError (C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:13:12)\n    at F (C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:68:19)\n    at E (C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:80:29)\n    at C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:89:16\n    at C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\isexe\\index.js:42:5\n    at C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\isexe\\windows.js:36:5\n    at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:154:21)',
gyp verb `which` failed   code: 'ENOENT' }
gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "python" in the PATH
gyp verb `which` failed Error: not found: python
gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed     at F (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed     at E (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:154:21)
gyp verb `which` failed  python { Error: not found: python
gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed     at F (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed     at E (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:154:21)
gyp verb `which` failed   stack:
gyp verb `which` failed    'Error: not found: python\n    at getNotFoundError (C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:13:12)\n    at F (C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:68:19)\n    at E (C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:80:29)\n    at C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\which\\which.js:89:16\n    at C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\isexe\\index.js:42:5\n    at C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\isexe\\windows.js:36:5\n    at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:154:21)',
gyp verb `which` failed   code: 'ENOENT' }
gyp verb could not find "python". checking python launcher
gyp verb could not find "python". guessing location
gyp verb ensuring that file exists: C:\Python27\python.exe
gyp ERR! configure error
gyp ERR! stack Error: Can't find Python executable "python", you can set the PYTHON env variable.
gyp ERR! stack     at PythonFinder.failNoPython (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\configure.js:484:19)
gyp ERR! stack     at PythonFinder.<anonymous> (C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\configure.js:509:16)
gyp ERR! stack     at C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\graceful-fs\polyfills.js:282:31
gyp ERR! stack     at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:154:21)
gyp ERR! System Windows_NT 10.0.15063
gyp ERR! command "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe" "C:\\dev\\angular\\my-app5\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js" "rebuild" "--verbose" "--libsass_ext=" "--libsass_cflags=" "--libsass_ldflags=" "--libsass_library="
gyp ERR! cwd C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\node-sass
gyp ERR! node -v v10.13.0
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v3.8.0
gyp ERR! not ok
Build failed with error code: 1
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@^1.2.2 (node_modules\chokidar\node_modules\fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.4: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"})
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: abbrev@1.1.1 (node_modules\fsevents\node_modules\abbrev):
npm WARN enoent SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: ENOENT: no such file or directory, rename 'C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\fsevents\node_modules\abbrev' -> 'C:\dev\angular\my-app5\node_modules\fsevents\node_modules\.abbrev.DELETE'

[...]

其他详情

Angular CLI：7.1.2
节点：10.13.0
操作系统：win32 x64
@angular-devkit/architect: 0.11.2
@angular-devkit/core: 7.1.2
@angular-devkit/schematics: 7.1.2
@schematics/角度：7.1.2
@schematics/更新：0.11.2
rxjs：6.3.3
打字稿：3.1.6
%USERPROFILE%/.npmrc 配置了我们的 Artifactory 实例

Bottom line is: 我希望ng new 从 A 到 Z 遍历我们的 Artifactory，而不是从 Internet 获取东西。错误日志提到设置代理，但该 URL 在我们的公司环境中被阻止。

有什么想法吗？

【问题讨论】：

你在 Windows 上工作吗？如果是这样，您可以使用 cntlm ：stackoverflow.com/questions/18569054/npm-behind-ntlm-proxy/… 这是我在工作中使用的。
哪个网址被屏蔽了？你必须把你的代理网址，不能被阻止...
"try setting a proxy via HTTP_PROXY" 你试过吗？ Node-sass 从 github 下载预构建的二进制文件，这些二进制文件也必须是可访问的（代理）。抱歉，如果您使用 Artifactory，答案很明显——我不熟悉它。伊恩在下面提出了一个很好的建议，但也请注意我的评论。
GitHub 绝大多数都可用，但以下 URL（例如）被阻止：github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v4.10.0/… ... 设置代理没有帮助。同样的行为。

标签： node.js angular angular-cli

【解决方案1】：

我看到了问题。 node-sass 安装脚本被硬编码为从 github 获取。

$ npm i --verbose node-sass
   ...
> node scripts/install.js

Downloading binary from https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v4.11.0/darwin-x64-64_binding.node

在检查了它试图运行的脚本 (node_modules/node-sass/scripts/install.js) 之后，我确定可以跳过这个额外的下载。它需要机器在本地构建它（一次，在初始安装时），但它应该会有所帮助。

$ SKIP_SASS_BINARY_DOWNLOAD_FOR_CI=true npm i --verbose node-sass

_老答案

您可以使用您的.npmrc file 执行此操作。如果您希望它应用于您的所有项目，请将其放在您的用户主目录中（听起来您会想要这个）。

registry=<your registry url>
always-auth=true
_auth=<your auth string>

【讨论】：

+1 进行良好的调查。但是请注意，在本地构建 node-sass 需要 windows-build-tools，它会从各地提取 npms、pips 和 gem，并且本身可能比预构建的 OP 场景更难安装。
哦。我没想到在 Windows 上会这样。它在 Mac 上构建时不需要任何额外的工具。 :(
在基于 *nix 的系统上的好处。我也假设 OP 使用我自己的系统，但情况可能也并非如此，但考虑到公司之间的差距，我只能假设。
这是一个有趣的解决方法。我们可以利用 Artifactory VCS Repositories 来镜像 GitHub 并将其用作 GitHub 存储库的白名单吗？我们能否让 Angular CLI 引导脚本使用该事实来源而不是硬编码的来源？我的目标是让开发人员的事情尽可能简单。
听起来你在描述原始消息中列出的HTTP_PROXY，是的。您的另一种选择是 fork node-sass，将其发布注册表修改为您自己的，然后将更新二进制 URL 的更改推送到您网络中的某个位置。