用于 Python3 的 OSX HIDAPI 安装（pip3 故障排除）：High-Sierra

Question

OSX High-Sierra：为 python 2.7 成功安装了 HIDAPI。今天安装了 Python3：

Users-MacBook-Air:~ user$ python3 --version
Python 3.7.5

HIDAPI 在 python3 安装后重新安装：

brew reinstall hidapi

这恢复了使用 python2 的 python 脚本并恢复了使用的条形码扫描器脚本：

sudo python2 test5.py

但是尝试使用 python3 运行脚本会返回错误：

sudo python3 test5.py

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'hid'

通过 pip3 尝试install HIDAPI 失败：

pip3 install hidapi

python3 的 PIP3 是否有必要和可能install HIDAPI？

欢迎解决 pip3 错误的建议：谢谢

错误信息：

sudo -H pip3 install hidapi 返回：

Collecting hidapi
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c1/86/89df0e8890f96eeb5fb68d4ccb14cb38e2c2d2cfd7601ba972206acd9015/hidapi-0.7.99.post21.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=19.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from hidapi) (41.6.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: hidapi
  Building wheel for hidapi (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /private/tmp/pip-wheel-sd48aazy --python-tag cp37
       cwd: /private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/
  Complete output (23 lines):
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_ext
  cythoning hid.pyx to hid.c
  /private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/.eggs/Cython-0.29.14-py3.7-macosx-10.13-x86_64.egg/Cython/Compiler/Main.py:369: FutureWarning: Cython directive 'language_level' not set, using 2 for now (Py2). This will change in a later release! File: /private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/hid.pyx
    tree = Parsing.p_module(s, pxd, full_module_name)
  building 'hid' extension
  creating build
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hidapi
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hidapi/mac
  Compiling with an SDK that doesn't seem to exist: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk
  Please check your Xcode installation
  clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers -framework IOKit -framework CoreFoundation -Ihidapi/hidapi -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -c hid.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hid.o
  clang: warning: -framework IOKit: 'linker' input unused [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
  clang: warning: -framework CoreFoundation: 'linker' input unused [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
  clang: warning: no such sysroot directory: '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk' [-Wmissing-sysroot]
  In file included from hid.c:4:
  /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:25:10: fatal error: 'stdio.h' file not found
  #include <stdio.h>
           ^~~~~~~~~
  1 error generated.
  error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for hidapi
  Running setup.py clean for hidapi
Failed to build hidapi
Installing collected packages: hidapi
    Running setup.py install for hidapi ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/tmp/pip-record-qsgmu9xu/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile
         cwd: /private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/
    Complete output (21 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_ext
    skipping 'hid.c' Cython extension (up-to-date)
    building 'hid' extension
    creating build
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hidapi
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hidapi/mac
    Compiling with an SDK that doesn't seem to exist: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk
    Please check your Xcode installation
    clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers -framework IOKit -framework CoreFoundation -Ihidapi/hidapi -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -c hid.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hid.o
    clang: warning: -framework IOKit: 'linker' input unused [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
    clang: warning: -framework CoreFoundation: 'linker' input unused [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
    clang: warning: no such sysroot directory: '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk' [-Wmissing-sysroot]
    In file included from hid.c:4:
    /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:25:10: fatal error: 'stdio.h' file not found
    #include <stdio.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~
    1 error generated.
    error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-9pj9tbky/hidapi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/tmp/pip-record-qsgmu9xu/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.

pip3 install hidapi 返回：

第一个错误是：

  Building wheel for hidapi (setup.py) ... error

是什么导致了这个错误？以及如何克服？

WARNING: The directory '/Users/user/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
WARNING: The directory '/Users/user/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting hidapi
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c1/86/89df0e8890f96eeb5fb68d4ccb14cb38e2c2d2cfd7601ba972206acd9015/hidapi-0.7.99.post21.tar.gz (51kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 2.3MB/s 
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=19.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from hidapi) (41.6.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: hidapi
  Building wheel for hidapi (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /private/tmp/pip-wheel-f9nrghcu --python-tag cp37
       cwd: /private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/
  Complete output (23 lines):
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_ext
  cythoning hid.pyx to hid.c
  /private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/.eggs/Cython-0.29.14-py3.7-macosx-10.13-x86_64.egg/Cython/Compiler/Main.py:369: FutureWarning: Cython directive 'language_level' not set, using 2 for now (Py2). This will change in a later release! File: /private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/hid.pyx
    tree = Parsing.p_module(s, pxd, full_module_name)
  building 'hid' extension
  creating build
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hidapi
  creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hidapi/mac
  Compiling with an SDK that doesn't seem to exist: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk
  Please check your Xcode installation
  clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers -framework IOKit -framework CoreFoundation -Ihidapi/hidapi -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -c hid.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hid.o
  clang: warning: -framework IOKit: 'linker' input unused [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
  clang: warning: -framework CoreFoundation: 'linker' input unused [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
  clang: warning: no such sysroot directory: '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk' [-Wmissing-sysroot]
  In file included from hid.c:4:
  /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:25:10: fatal error: 'stdio.h' file not found
  #include <stdio.h>
           ^~~~~~~~~
  1 error generated.
  error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for hidapi
  Running setup.py clean for hidapi
Failed to build hidapi
Installing collected packages: hidapi
    Running setup.py install for hidapi ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/tmp/pip-record-9hm4q3f6/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile
         cwd: /private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/
    Complete output (21 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_ext
    skipping 'hid.c' Cython extension (up-to-date)
    building 'hid' extension
    creating build
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hidapi
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hidapi/mac
    Compiling with an SDK that doesn't seem to exist: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk
    Please check your Xcode installation
    clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers -framework IOKit -framework CoreFoundation -Ihidapi/hidapi -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -c hid.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.13-x86_64-3.7/hid.o
    clang: warning: -framework IOKit: 'linker' input unused [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
    clang: warning: -framework CoreFoundation: 'linker' input unused [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
    clang: warning: no such sysroot directory: '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk' [-Wmissing-sysroot]
    In file included from hid.c:4:
    /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:25:10: fatal error: 'stdio.h' file not found
    #include <stdio.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~
    1 error generated.
    error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/tmp/pip-install-7lm8qgnn/hidapi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/tmp/pip-record-9hm4q3f6/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.
Us

更新

模块：

pip3 install hidapi==0.7.99.post14

指出了几个构建错误但最终表明：

Installing collected packages: Cython, hidapi
    Running setup.py install for hidapi ... done
Successfully installed Cython-0.29.14 hidapi-0.7.99.post14

经过测试和验证的 python3 进程 HID 流量。

Answer 1

https://github.com/trezor/cython-hidapi/issues/65这似乎是软件中的错误。

与此同时，Hacky 的解决方案是获取与 Xcode 10 捆绑在一起的 MacOSX10.14 sdk。

纠正措施

安装Xcode 10.1 (High-Sierra Compatible) from the Apple website一定要安装Xcode到/Applications目录。如果未安装到 /Applications，请将其从 /Downloads 移动到 /Applications。 路径xcode-select -p 应使用

进行更正

sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/

命令：

/usr/bin/xcodebuild -version

应该返回：

Xcode 10.1
Build version 10B61

使用 Xcode 正确支持 pip3：

$ pip3 install hidapi
Collecting hidapi
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c1/86/89df0e8890f96eeb5fb68d4ccb14cb38e2c2d2cfd7601ba972206acd9015/hidapi-0.7.99.post21.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=19.0 in ./env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from hidapi) (41.2.0)
Installing collected packages: hidapi
  Running setup.py install for hidapi ... done
Successfully installed hidapi-0.7.99.post21

Answer 2

如果您想要在系统范围内安装，则需要以提升的权限运行 pip3。

sudo -H pip3 install hidapi