我需要一个“requirements.txt”文件还是应该安装依赖项？ Azure 开发运维答案

【问题标题】：Do I need a 'requirements.txt' file or should I install dependencies? Azure DevOps我需要一个“requirements.txt”文件还是应该安装依赖项？ Azure 开发运维
【发布时间】：2021-03-30 05:58:40
【问题描述】：

所以我正在使用 SonarCloud/SonarLint 并且必须设置一些预备程序 - 即创建 AzureDevOps 和 Pipeline。这是我第一次深入 Azure，老实说，我不明白如何解决这个错误。我假设我需要创建一个“requirements.txt”文件，或者我需要安装依赖项......或者两者兼而有之。无论哪种方式，老实说，我不知道从哪里开始。有人可以帮忙吗？下面是我从测试管道中得到的日志，这是我的问题所在。我的假设是对的吗？提前致谢！

2020-12-20T01:30:10.5970195Z ##[section]Starting: Install dependencies
2020-12-20T01:30:10.5977975Z ==============================================================================
2020-12-20T01:30:10.5978665Z Task         : Command line
2020-12-20T01:30:10.5978936Z Description  : Run a command line script using Bash on Linux and macOS and cmd.exe on Windows
2020-12-20T01:30:10.5979213Z Version      : 2.178.0
2020-12-20T01:30:10.5979420Z Author       : Microsoft Corporation
2020-12-20T01:30:10.5979702Z Help         : https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/devops/pipelines/tasks/utility/command-line
2020-12-20T01:30:10.5980019Z ==============================================================================
2020-12-20T01:30:11.0224446Z Generating script.
2020-12-20T01:30:11.0226001Z ========================== Starting Command Output ===========================
2020-12-20T01:30:11.0229091Z [command]/bin/bash --noprofile --norc /home/vsts/work/_temp/f501a929-0e67-45b9-9e28-7047fe9295cf.sh
2020-12-20T01:30:15.1478266Z DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
2020-12-20T01:30:15.8292586Z Collecting pip
2020-12-20T01:30:15.8700890Z   Downloading pip-20.3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB)
2020-12-20T01:30:15.9513160Z Installing collected packages: pip
2020-12-20T01:30:15.9513725Z   Attempting uninstall: pip
2020-12-20T01:30:15.9514085Z     Found existing installation: pip 20.3.1
2020-12-20T01:30:16.0461039Z     Uninstalling pip-20.3.1:
2020-12-20T01:30:16.0935089Z       Successfully uninstalled pip-20.3.1
2020-12-20T01:30:16.9255324Z Successfully installed pip-20.3.3
2020-12-20T01:30:17.4315243Z DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
2020-12-20T01:30:17.5185497Z ERROR: Could not open requirements file: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'requirements.txt'
2020-12-20T01:30:17.5845613Z ##[error]Bash exited with code '1'.
2020-12-20T01:30:17.5859482Z ##[section]Finishing: Install dependencies

【问题讨论】：

是的，您需要创建一个requirements.txt 文件。这可能会对您有所帮助：stackoverflow.com/a/29938588/6952359
谢谢@HarshanaSerasinghe - 我应该在我的 IDE 中运行它，然后将它推送到 AzureDevOps 以便在管道中使用它吗？我目前正在使用 PyCharm
是的，您可以使用 IDE 来执行此操作。然后推送到 AzureDevOps
是时候将您的 Python 和代码升级到 Python 3。Python 2 的生命周期已经结束一年了。
嗨@nTerXplorSux。这张票有更新吗？如果 Sajeetharan 的回答可以解决这个问题，请随时告诉我。只是提醒this。

标签： python azure cloud azure-pipelines

【解决方案1】：

我强烈建议您阅读Use CI/CD to deploy a Python web app to Azure App Service 上的官方文档

无论 Azure Devops 是什么，您都需要在 requirements.txt 中定义依赖项并将您的依赖项绑定到相应的环境。使用 Azure Devops，您需要定义一个任务来从定义为 here 的文件中安装依赖项。

 steps:
    - task: UsePythonVersion@0
       inputs:
         versionSpec: '$(pythonVersion)'
         displayName: 'Use Python $(pythonVersion)'
    - script: |
         python -m venv antenv
         source antenv/bin/activate
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
         pip install setup
         pip install -r requirements.txt
       workingDirectory: $(projectRoot)
       displayName: "Install requirements"
    ```

【讨论】：