使用 python 和 scrapy 抓取网站

Question

我是 Scrapy（和 Python！）的新手，我正在尝试从 Cricinfo 网站上删除评论。 下面是一个网页示例： http://www.espncricinfo.com/champions-league-twenty20-2014/engine/match/763595.html?innings=1;view=commentary

我有兴趣刮掉多余的数字（例如 0.1）和旁边的文字。

使用 Firebug 我可以看到“0.1”的 xpath 是： /html/body/div[2]/div[3]/div[4]/div[5]/div/div[3]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/div/table/tbody/tr [2]/td[1]/p

它旁边的文字是： /html/body/div[2]/div[3]/div[4]/div[5]/div/div[3]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/div/table/tbody/tr [2]/td[2]/p

from scrapy.spider import BaseSpider
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector
from crictest.items import CrictestItem

class MySpider(BaseSpider):
    name = "cricinfo"
    allowed_domains = ["espncricinfo.com/"]
    start_urls = ["http://www.espncricinfo.com/champions-league-twenty20-2014/engine/match/763595.html?innings=1;view=commentary/"]

    def parse(self, response):
        hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response)
        rows = hxs.select('//html/body/div[2]/div[3]/div[4]/div[5]/div/div[3]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/div/table/tbody/tr')
        items =[]
        for row in rows:
            item = CrictestItem()
            item['overnum'] = row.select('td[1]/p/text()').extract()
            item['overnumtext'] = row.select('td[2]/p/text()').extract()
            items.append(item)
        return items

我正在尝试遍历行 (/tr) 然后返回 td[1]/p/text 然后 td[2]/p/text 我的 items.py 看起来像：

import scrapy


class CrictestItem(scrapy.Item):
    overnum = scrapy.Field()
    overnumtext = scrapy.Field()

使用 scrapy crawl cricinfo -o items.csv -t csv 它只会给我一个 items.csv 文件，其中根本没有数据。

我哪里错了？任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

您拥有的 xpath 不正确，而且非常脆弱。

据我了解，您需要以粗体显示的数字和旁边的文字。我会依赖 td 元素和 battingComms 类：

from scrapy.spider import BaseSpider
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector
from crictest.items import CrictestItem


class MySpider(BaseSpider):
    name = "cricinfo"
    allowed_domains = ["espncricinfo.com/"]
    start_urls = ["http://www.espncricinfo.com/champions-league-twenty20-2014/engine/match/763595.html?innings=1;view=commentary/"]

    def parse(self, response):
        hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response)
        rows = hxs.select('//td[@class="battingComms" and b]')
        for row in rows:
            item = CrictestItem()
            item['overnum'] = row.select('b/text()').extract()[0]
            item['overnumtext'] = row.select('b/following-sibling::text()').extract()[0]
            yield item

控制台输出：

{'overnum': u'0.4',
 'overnumtext': u" bingo! that's a good ol slog from van Wyk right across the line of a good length ball that nips back in. No bat involved, but loads of timber. Lovely bowling from Paris and he knows it "}
{'overnum': u'1.3',
 'overnumtext': u' and dies by his reputation. Behrendorff is assisted by some swing away, Delport flings his bat at with all his might and only ends up with an outside edge that is pouched behind the wicket. Brilliant catch from Whiteman as he leaps to his left and stretches as high as he could '}
...

Answer 2

你可以从下面的例子中得到确切的结果。

使用 python next 兄弟得到适当的结果。

Html 代码是：

<div id="provider-region-addresses">
<h3>Contact details</h3>
<h2 class="toggler nohide">Auckland</h2>
    <dl class="clear">
        <dt>More information</dt>
            <dd>North Shore Hospital</dd><dt>Physical address</dt>
                <dd>124 Shakespeare Rd, Takapuna, Auckland 0620</dd><dt>Postal address</dt>
                <dd>Private Bag 93503, Takapuna, Auckland 0740</dd><dt>Postcode</dt>
                <dd>0740</dd><dt>District/town</dt>

                <dd>
                North Shore, Takapuna</dd><dt>Region</dt>
                <dd>Auckland</dd><dt>Phone</dt>
                <dd>(09) 486 8996</dd><dt>Fax</dt>
                <dd>(09) 486 8342</dd><dt>Website</dt>
                <dd><a target="_blank" href="http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031.sm">http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031...</a></dd>
    </dl>
    <h2 class="toggler nohide">Auckland</h2>
    <dl class="clear">
        <dt>Physical address</dt>
                <dd>Helensville</dd><dt>Postal address</dt>
                <dd>PO Box 13, Helensville 0840</dd><dt>Postcode</dt>
                <dd>0840</dd><dt>District/town</dt>

                <dd>
                Rodney, Helensville</dd><dt>Region</dt>
                <dd>Auckland</dd><dt>Phone</dt>
                <dd>(09) 420 9450</dd><dt>Fax</dt>
                <dd>(09) 420 7050</dd><dt>Website</dt>
                <dd><a target="_blank" href="http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031.sm">http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031...</a></dd>
    </dl>
    <h2 class="toggler nohide">Auckland</h2>
    <dl class="clear">
        <dt>Physical address</dt>
                <dd>Warkworth</dd><dt>Postal address</dt>
                <dd>PO Box 505, Warkworth 0941</dd><dt>Postcode</dt>
                <dd>0941</dd><dt>District/town</dt>

                <dd>
                Rodney, Warkworth</dd><dt>Region</dt>
                <dd>Auckland</dd><dt>Phone</dt>
                <dd>(09) 422 2700</dd><dt>Fax</dt>
                <dd>(09) 422 2709</dd><dt>Website</dt>
                <dd><a target="_blank" href="http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031.sm">http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031...</a></dd>
    </dl>
    <h2 class="toggler nohide">Auckland</h2>
    <dl class="clear">
        <dt>More information</dt>
            <dd>Waitakere Hospital</dd><dt>Physical address</dt>
                <dd>55-75 Lincoln Rd, Henderson, Auckland 0610</dd><dt>Postal address</dt>
                <dd>Private Bag 93115, Henderson, Auckland 0650</dd><dt>Postcode</dt>
                <dd>0650</dd><dt>District/town</dt>

                <dd>
                Waitakere, Henderson</dd><dt>Region</dt>
                <dd>Auckland</dd><dt>Phone</dt>
                <dd>(09) 839 0000</dd><dt>Fax</dt>
                <dd>(09) 837 6634</dd><dt>Website</dt>
                <dd><a target="_blank" href="http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031.sm">http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031...</a></dd>
    </dl>
    <h2 class="toggler nohide">Auckland</h2>
    <dl class="clear">
        <dt>More information</dt>
            <dd>Hibiscus Coast Community Health Centre</dd><dt>Physical address</dt>
                <dd>136 Whangaparaoa Rd, Red Beach 0932</dd><dt>Postcode</dt>
                <dd>0932</dd><dt>District/town</dt>

                <dd>
                Rodney, Red Beach</dd><dt>Region</dt>
                <dd>Auckland</dd><dt>Phone</dt>
                <dd>(09) 427 0300</dd><dt>Fax</dt>
                <dd>(09) 427 0391</dd><dt>Website</dt>
                <dd><a target="_blank" href="http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031.sm">http://www.healthpoint.co.nz/default,61031...</a></dd>
    </dl>
    </div>

蜘蛛码是：

def parse(self, response):
        hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response)

        practice = hxs.select('//h1/text()').extract()
        items1 = []

        results = hxs.select('//*[@id="content"]/div[@class="content"]/div/dl')
        for result in results:
            item = WebhealthItem1()
            #item['url'] = result.select('//dl/a/@href').extract()
            item['practice'] = practice
            item['hours'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(.," Contact hours")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/text()').extract())
            item['more_hours'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(., "More information")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/text()').extract())
            item['physical_address'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(., "Physical address")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/text()').extract())
            item['postal_address'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(., "Postal address")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/text()').extract())
            item['postcode'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(., "Postcode")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/text()').extract())
            item['district_town'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(., "District/town")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/text()').extract())
            item['region'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(., "Region")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/text()').extract())
            item['phone'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(., "Phone")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/text()').extract())
            item['website'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(., "Website")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/a/@href').extract())
            item['email'] = map(unicode.strip,
                result.select('dt[contains(., "Email")]/following-sibling::dd[1]/a/text()').extract())
            items1.append(item)
        return items1