好的，我将向您展示如何创建一个 php 脚本，该脚本在没有 phpMyAdmin 的情况下备份 MySQL 数据库，然后将 .sql 文件附加到电子邮件中。
今天我需要创建一个小脚本来备份数据库，然后通过电子邮件发送。我发现最好的方法是使用 mysqldump 程序。通常，即使在经销商托管包上，您也有权运行此程序。
在 linux 中，程序通常位于
代码：
/usr/bin/mysqldump
好的，让我们开始吧。
首先，我们需要设置变量，包括 MySQL 凭据、要发送到的电子邮件地址、存储 sql 文件的路径、mysqldump 程序的绝对路径。
代码：
ini_set("memory_limit","250M"); // We don't want any nasty memory error messages
$SendTo[] = 'myemailaddress@thephpanswers.com'; // This is your email address, you can copy this line and add another recipient
$path = '/home/website/public_html/backupSQL/sql/' // This is the absolute path to where we are going to save the .sql files - please note you should place a .htaccess to deny any users browsing the directory
$tmpFilename = time() .'_mysql.sql'; // This is the tmp filename for the sql, needs to be different everytime
define('mysqlUser','mysqlusername'); // This is the username for the MySQL database
define('mysqlPass','mysqlpassword'); // Password for the username
define('mysqlDatabase','mysqldatabase'); // The database you wish to backup
define('mysqldump','/usr/bin/mysqldump'); // The absolute path to the mysqldump program
使用mysqldump备份MySQL数据库：
mysqldump 非常易于使用，更多信息请访问：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/mysqldump.html
现在我们只需添加 shell_exec 来告诉 mysqldump 备份数据库。
代码：
shell_exec(mysqldump . ' -u ' . mysqlUser .' -p' . mysqlPass .' ' . mysqlDatabase .' > ' . $path .$tmpFilename); // See the > $path . $tmpFilename these are populated from the variables you set above
您现在可以运行此脚本，看看它是否真的在您指定的文件夹中创建了 .sql 文件。
在 PHP 中发送附件
好的，所以我们知道我们的文件位于 $path 。 $tmpFilename 所以让我们继续复杂的电子邮件发送附件。
代码：
$from = "Backup <backup@domain.co.uk>"; // Who the email is coming from
$subject = 'MySQL Database backup'; // The subject of the email
$absoluteFile = $path . $tmpFilename; // Keep it simple, creates a variable of where the file is
$fileType = 'text/plain'; // Content type
$mailBodyText = '<h1>MySQL Database attached</h1>'; // Our HTML body of the email
$mineBoundaryStr=md5(time()); // Needs to be random for the mime
// Advanced headers from http://xahlee.org/php/send_mail_attachment.html
$headers= <<<EEEEEEEEEEEEEE
From: $from
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="$mineBoundaryStr"
EEEEEEEEEEEEEE;
$mailBodyEncodedText = <<<TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--{$mineBoundaryStr}
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
$mailBodyText
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT;
$file = fopen($absoluteFile,'rb');
$data = fread($file,filesize($absoluteFile));
fclose($file);
$data = chunk_split(base64_encode($data));
$mailBodyEncodedText .= <<<FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
--$mineBoundaryStr
Content-Type: $fileType;
name=$tmpFilename
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename="$tmpFilename"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
$data
--$mineBoundaryStr--
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
foreach($SendTo as $k => $v) { // Loop through all our recipients
mail( $v , date("H:i - jS \of F Y") . 'MySQL Database backup' , $mailBodyEncodedText, $headers ); // Send the emails
}
所以让我们把所有脚本放在一起，你应该有这个：
代码：
<?php ini_set("memory_limit","250M"); // We don't want any nasty memory error messages
$SendTo[] = 'myemailaddress@thephpanswers.com'; // This is your email address, you can copy this line and add another recipient
$path = '/home/website/public_html/backupSQL/sql/' // This is the absolute path to where we are going to save the .sql files - please note you should place a .htaccess to deny any users browsing the directory
$tmpFilename = time() .'_mysql.sql'; // This is the tmp filename for the sql, needs to be different everytime
define('mysqlUser','mysqlusername'); // This is the username for the MySQL database
define('mysqlPass','mysqlpassword'); // Password for the username
define('mysqlDatabase','mysqldatabase'); // The database you wish to backup
define('mysqldump','/usr/bin/mysqldump'); // The absolute path to the mysqldump program
shell_exec(mysqldump . ' -u ' . mysqlUser .' -p' . mysqlPass .' ' . mysqlDatabase .' > ' . $path .$tmpFilename); // See the > $path . $tmpFilename these are populated from the variables you set above
$from = "Backup <backup@domain.co.uk>"; // Who the email is coming from
$subject = 'MySQL Database backup'; // The subject of the email
$absoluteFile = $path . $tmpFilename; // Keep it simple, creates a variable of where the file is
$fileType = 'text/plain'; // Content type
$mailBodyText = '<h1>MySQL Database attached</h1>'; // Our HTML body of the email
$mineBoundaryStr=md5(time()); // Needs to be random for the mime
// Advanced headers from http://xahlee.org/php/send_mail_attachment.html
$headers= <<<EEEEEEEEEEEEEE
From: $from
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="$mineBoundaryStr"
EEEEEEEEEEEEEE;
$mailBodyEncodedText = <<<TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--{$mineBoundaryStr}
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
$mailBodyText
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT;
$file = fopen($absoluteFile,'rb');
$data = fread($file,filesize($absoluteFile));
fclose($file);
$data = chunk_split(base64_encode($data));
$mailBodyEncodedText .= <<<FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
--$mineBoundaryStr
Content-Type: $fileType;
name=$tmpFilename
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename="$tmpFilename"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
$data
--$mineBoundaryStr--
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
foreach($SendTo as $k => $v) { // Loop through all our recipients
mail( $v , date("H:i - jS \of F Y") . 'MySQL Database backup' , $mailBodyEncodedText, $headers ); // Send the emails
}
?>
您确实应该保护您为 .SQL 文件选择的目录，这可以通过创建一个名为 .htaccess 的文件并将其保存在目录中来完成。 .htaccess 的内容如下：
代码：
order allow,deny
deny from all
您现在可以使用 cron 作业自动执行此操作，将 cron 作业设置为每天午夜运行脚本
我希望这可以帮助一些人！
PS：使用此脚本后，我意识到 .sql 转储上没有真正的安全性，我发现在通过电子邮件发送给 .sql 文件之前使用 openssl 或类似的东西是 100% 安全的！