单元测试时，Angular RC 5 中无法解析路由器的所有参数：(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)

Question

我刚刚升级到 Angular RC 5，现在所有使用“ROUTER_DIRECTIVES”的组件都失败了，当我尝试时“无法解析路由器的所有参数：(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)”对组件进行单元测试。

import { inject, addProviders } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { ComponentFixture, TestComponentBuilder } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { ROUTER_DIRECTIVES, Router } from '@angular/router';

import { HomeComponent } from './home.component';
import { UserService } from '../_services/user.service';

describe('Component: Home', () => {

  beforeEach(() => {
    addProviders([HomeComponent, UserService, ROUTER_DIRECTIVES, Router]);
  });  

  it('should inject the component', inject([HomeComponent, UserService, ROUTER_DIRECTIVES, Router],
    (component: HomeComponent) => {
      expect(component).toBeTruthy();
      // expect(component.currentUser.firstname).toEqual('Jan');
    }));

完整的错误日志：

     Chrome 52.0.2743 (Windows 10 0.0.0)
   Error: Can't resolve all parameters for Router: (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?).
       at new BaseException (webpack:///C:/ng/anbud/~/@angular/compiler/src/facade/exceptions.js:27:0 <- src/test.ts:2943:23)
       at CompileMetadataResolver.getDependenciesMetadata (webpack:///C:/ng/anbud/~/@angular/compiler/src/metadata_resolver.js:551:0 <- src/test.ts:24542:19)
       at CompileMetadataResolver.getTypeMetadata (webpack:///C:/ng/anbud/~/@angular/compiler/src/metadata_resolver.js:448:0 <- src/test.ts:24439:26)
       at webpack:///C:/ng/anbud/~/@angular/compiler/src/metadata_resolver.js:594:0 <- src/test.ts:24585:41
       at Array.forEach (native)
       at CompileMetadataResolver.getProvidersMetadata (webpack:///C:/ng/anbud/~/@angular/compiler/src/metadata_resolver.js:575:0 <- src/test.ts:24566:19)
       at CompileMetadataResolver.getNgModuleMetadata (webpack:///C:/ng/anbud/~/@angular/compiler/src/metadata_resolver.js:305:0 <- src/test.ts:24296:58)
       at RuntimeCompiler._compileComponents (webpack:///C:/ng/anbud/~/@angular/compiler/src/runtime_compiler.js:150:0 <- src/test.ts:37986:47)
       at RuntimeCompiler._compileModuleAndAllComponents (webpack:///C:/ng/anbud/~/@angular/compiler/src/runtime_compiler.js:78:0 <- src/test.ts:37914:37)
       at RuntimeCompiler.compileModuleAndAllComponentsSync (webpack:///C:/ng/anbud/~/@angular/compiler/src/runtime_compiler.js:52:0 <- src/test.ts:37888:21)

任何想法如何使用路由对组件进行单元测试？

Answer 1

终于可以修好了，就这么简单：

beforeEach(() => addProviders([
    { 
        provide: Router, 
        useClass: class { navigate = jasmine.createSpy("navigate"); }
    }]));

Answer 2

对我来说，添加 RouterTestingModule 很有效

  import { RouterTestingModule } from '@angular/router/testing';

  beforeEach(async(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      imports: [
        RouterTestingModule
      ],
      declarations: [ HomeComponent ]
    })
    .compileComponents();
  }));

Answer 3

在我的例子中，我在提供者中有 Router，在导入中有 RouterTestingModule。猜猜这是引起冲突的原因。以下配置有效：

    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
        declarations: [Component],
        imports: [
            RouterTestingModule,             
        ],
        providers: [
         ...         //Remove Router from providers
        ]              

    });

Answer 4

我对上述解决方案没有任何运气。相反，我遵循了官方文档中推荐的方法：Testing Routed Components

首先，使用组件调用的任何方法创建一个存根路由器：

class RouterStub {
  navigateByUrl(url: string) {
    return url;
  }
}

然后，在配置测试模块时，请执行以下操作：

TestBed.configureTestingModule({
  declarations: [HeaderComponent],
  providers: [
    {provide: Router, useClass: RouterStub}
  ]
});

Answer 5

尝试添加RouterModule：

import { ROUTER_DIRECTIVES, Router, RouterModule } from '@angular/router';

beforeEach(() => {
        TestBed.configureTestingModule({
            providers: [
                 ...
                {provide: Router, useClass: RouterModule},
        });
    });

Answer 6

我只需要从提供商处移除路由器。这就是我的问题所在。

Answer 7

我遇到了同样的错误，在我的导入数组中导入 RouterTestModule，从提供程序中删除 Router/ActivatedRoute 并从我的导入数组中删除 RouterModule 帮助我解决了这个问题。

这就是我的工作版本的样子

import { RouterTestingModule } from '@angular/router/testing';
import { async, ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { MyAppComponent } from './my-apppp.component';
import { MyAppService } from '../../../services/my-app.service';
import { NO_ERRORS_SCHEMA} from '@angular/core';

 beforeEach(async(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      declarations: [ MyAppComponent ],
      schemas:      [NO_ERRORS_SCHEMA],
      imports: [ FormsModule, RouterTestingModule ],
      providers: [ MyAppService ]
    })
    .compileComponents();
  }));

我知道很多人已经在这里发表了评论，但我觉得提供更新的答案会有所帮助。

谢谢！

Answer 8

对于最新的 Angular 7，这是对我有用的解决方案。 该示例复制自latest angular docs。

app/dashboard/dashboard.component.spec.ts（间谍）

const routerSpy = jasmine.createSpyObj('Router', ['navigateByUrl']);
const heroServiceSpy = jasmine.createSpyObj('HeroService', ['getHeroes']);

TestBed.configureTestingModule({
  providers: [
    { provide: HeroService, useValue: heroServiceSpy },
    { provide: Router,      useValue: routerSpy }
  ]
})

app/dashboard/dashboard.component.spec.ts（导航测试）

it('should tell ROUTER to navigate when hero clicked', () => {

  heroClick(); // trigger click on first inner <div class="hero">

  // args passed to router.navigateByUrl() spy
  const spy = router.navigateByUrl as jasmine.Spy;
  const navArgs = spy.calls.first().args[0];

  // expecting to navigate to id of the component's first hero
  const id = comp.heroes[0].id;
  expect(navArgs).toBe('/heroes/' + id,
    'should nav to HeroDetail for first hero');
});