从 localhost 更改为实际 IP 地址时，TcpListener 和 TcpClient 连接失败

Question

我正在尝试创建一个简单的软件来在两台计算机之间“聊天”以测试网络。目前，我所做的只是复制 TcpListener (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.net.sockets.tcplistener?view=netframework-4.8) 和 TcpClient (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.net.sockets.tcpclient?view=netframework-4.8) 代码，看看它是如何工作的（代码在末尾）。

这一切都很好，但是一旦我将两个文件中的 localhost ("127.0.0.1") 替换为我的实际 IP 地址（我通过在 Windows 上的命令控制台中输入 'ipconfig' 获得的 IPv4 地址），这两个无法连接。

我需要配置一些设置吗？这是防火墙问题还是什么？还是我只是超级愚蠢？我对 C# 网络还很陌生。

感谢您的帮助！

TcpListener：

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

class MyTcpListener
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        TcpListener server=null;   
        try
        {
            // Set the TcpListener on port 13000.
            Int32 port = 13000;
            IPAddress localAddr = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");

            // TcpListener server = new TcpListener(port);
            server = new TcpListener(localAddr, port);

            // Start listening for client requests.
            server.Start();

            // Buffer for reading data
            Byte[] bytes = new Byte[256];
            String data = null;

            // Enter the listening loop.
            while(true) 
            {
                Console.Write("Waiting for a connection... ");

                // Perform a blocking call to accept requests.
                // You could also user server.AcceptSocket() here.
                TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient();            
                Console.WriteLine("Connected!");

                data = null;

                // Get a stream object for reading and writing
                NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();

                int i;

                // Loop to receive all the data sent by the client.
                while((i = stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length))!=0) 
                {   
                    // Translate data bytes to a ASCII string.
                    data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, i);
                    Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", data);

                    // Process the data sent by the client.
                    data = data.ToUpper();

                    byte[] msg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);

                    // Send back a response.
                    stream.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length);
                    Console.WriteLine("Sent: {0}", data);            
                }

                // Shutdown and end connection
                client.Close();
            }
        }
        catch(SocketException e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e);
        }
        finally
        {
            // Stop listening for new clients.
            server.Stop();
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nHit enter to continue...");
        Console.Read();
      }   
}

TcpClient：

using System;
using System.Net.Sockets;

namespace Client
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Connect("127.0.0.1", "Test");
        }

        static void Connect(String server, String message) 
        {
            try 
            {
                // Create a TcpClient.
                // Note, for this client to work you need to have a TcpServer 
                // connected to the same address as specified by the server, port
                // combination.
                Int32 port = 13000;
                TcpClient client = new TcpClient(server, port);

                // Translate the passed message into ASCII and store it as a Byte array.
                Byte[] data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message);         

                // Get a client stream for reading and writing.
               //  Stream stream = client.GetStream();

                NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();

                // Send the message to the connected TcpServer. 
                stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);

                Console.WriteLine("Sent: {0}", message);         

                // Receive the TcpServer.response.

                // Buffer to store the response bytes.
                data = new Byte[256];

                // String to store the response ASCII representation.
                String responseData = String.Empty;

                // Read the first batch of the TcpServer response bytes.
                Int32 bytes = stream.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
                responseData = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(data, 0, bytes);
                Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", responseData);         

                // Close everything.
                stream.Close();         
                client.Close();         
            } 
            catch (ArgumentNullException e) 
            {
                Console.WriteLine("ArgumentNullException: {0}", e);
            } 
            catch (SocketException e) 
            {
                Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("\n Press Enter to continue...");
            Console.Read();
        }
    }
}

编辑： 我确实遇到了异常，抱歉：

SocketException: System.Net.Internals.SocketExceptionFactory+ExtendedSocketException (10060): A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond. [IPv4]:13000
   at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.DoConnect(EndPoint endPointSnapshot, SocketAddress socketAddress)
   at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.Connect(EndPoint remoteEP)
   at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.Connect(IPAddress address, Int32 port)
   at System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient.Connect(String hostname, Int32 port)
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient.Connect(String hostname, Int32 port)
   at System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient..ctor(String hostname, Int32 port)
   at Client.Client.Connect(String server, String message) in C:\Users\[User]\Documents\[User]\Programming\GenericC#\Client\Client.cs:line 22

Answer 1

很容易测试，看看是否是防火墙问题。

1. 打开命令提示符

2. 键入命令 telnet " " 这样你就可以在机器上说明连接了。如果没有错误，你的路径很清晰，并且你的应用程序接受了连接。

3. 查看Firewall logs 以查看是否存在问题 生成。

如果可能，您应该允许您的应用程序进出通信（如果两者都需要）

如果您发现缺少规则，您可以使用您的代码打开端口（需要提升权限）。 StackOverfow 有很多这样的例子