BeanCreationException：创建 ServletContext 资源中定义的名称为“sessionFactory”的 bean 时出错

Question

我正在使用休眠 3.2.7 和弹簧 3.2.8。错误是***

**"：在 ServletContext 资源 [/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml] 中定义名称为“sessionFactory”的 bean 创建错误：调用 初始化方法失败；嵌套异常是 java.io.FileNotFoundException： ServletContext 资源 [/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml] 不能 解析为 URL，因为它不存在”。

---

我尝试将 hibernate.cfg.xml 放在 src、webinf 和 classpath: 中，但仍然找不到它。这是我的错误堆栈跟踪：

> org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error
> creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext
> resource [/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method
> failed; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException:
> ServletContext resource [/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml] cannot be
> resolved to URL because it does not exist     at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1512)
>   at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521)
>   at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
>   at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:296)
>   at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
>   at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293)
>   at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
>   at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:610)
>   at
> org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932)
>   at
> org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479)
>   at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:651)
>   at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:602)
>   at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:665)
>   at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:521)
>   at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:462)
>   at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:136)
>   at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)   at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1284)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1197)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1087)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:5210)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5493)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:670)
>   at
> org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDescriptor.run(HostConfig.java:1839)
>   at
> java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
>   at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)     at
> java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
>   at
> java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
>   at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) Caused by:
> java.io.FileNotFoundException: ServletContext resource
> [/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml] cannot be resolved to URL because it
> does not exist    at
> org.springframework.web.context.support.ServletContextResource.getURL(ServletContextResource.java:154)
>   at
> org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBe

我的 spring-servlet 是：

<bean
  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
  <property name="prefix">
    <value>/</value>
  </property>
  <property name="suffix">
    <value>.xhtml</value>
  </property>
</bean>

<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
    class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"
    p:location="/WEB-INF/jdbc.properties" />

<bean id="dataSource"
    class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"
    p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}"
    p:url="${jdbc.databaseurl}" p:username="${jdbc.username}"
    p:password="${jdbc.password}" />


<bean id="sessionFactory"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="configLocation">
    <value>resources/hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
    </property>
    <property name="configurationClass">
        <value>org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration</value>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${jdbc.dialect}</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.connection.SetBigStringTryClob">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">0</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">0</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>
<bean id="multipartResolver"
    class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">

    <!-- one of the properties available; the maximum file size in bytes -->
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10000000" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven />

<bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

>

Answer 1

LocalSessionFactoryBean 的属性configLocation 的类型为Resource，可以用前缀指定资源的类型，例如：

classpath:resources/hibernate.cfg.xml

默认情况下，在 ServletContext 中，如果不指定前缀，则资源使用类ServletContextResource。来自 Spring 文档：

5.3.4 ServletContextResource

这是 ServletContext 资源的 Resource 实现，解释相关 Web 应用程序根目录中的相对路径。

这始终支持流访问和 URL 访问，但仅在扩展 Web 应用程序存档并且资源物理位于文件系统上时才允许 java.io.File 访问。它是否像这样在文件系统上进行扩展，或者直接从 JAR 或其他地方（如 DB）访问（这是可以想象的）实际上取决于 Servlet 容器。

然后，您需要将前缀或资源放在应用程序的根目录中。

您可以在 spring 文档中的Resources 中查看所有 abaout 资源。