如何在另一个函数中使用过滤器函数

Question

我是谷歌表格编程的新手。我找到了创建自定义菜单的代码，并用它来隐藏工作表中的特定列（菜单选择允许用户选择谷歌工作表中数据的特定视图，而无法编辑原始数据）。隐藏列后，我想根据特定列（票证类型）中的值对数据使用过滤器。我不知道如何让过滤器的代码在隐藏列后运行。我尝试了许多变体（包括引用第二个函数）并在函数中查找函数，但没有成功找到解决方案。我想我可以过滤类似于隐藏列，但它不起作用。关于如何使其工作的建议？

function showReservationView() {
    {
        var sheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet().getActiveSheet();
        showAll();
        sheet.hideColumn(sheet.getRange("B1:F1"));
        sheet.hideColumn(sheet.getRange("H1"));
        sheet.hideColumn(sheet.getRange("K1:U1"));
        sheet.hideColumn(sheet.getRange("W1:Z1"));
        sheet.hideColumn(sheet.getRange("AB1:AK1"));
        sheet.hideColumn(sheet.getRange("AM1"));
        sheet.hideColumn(sheet.getRange("AO1:AP1"));
        sheet.hideColumn(sheet.getRange("AR1:BC1"));
        sheet.hideColumn(sheet.getRange("BE1:BR1"));
    }
    function setFilter() {
        var ss = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
        var filterSettings = {};

        filterSettings.range = {
            sheetId: ss.getActiveSheet().getSheetId()
        };

        // Criteria for showing/hiding rows in a filter
        // https://developers.google.com/sheets/api/reference/rest/v4/FilterCriteria
        filterSettings.criteria = {};
        var columnIndex = 7;
        filterSettings['criteria'][columnIndex] = {
            'hiddenValues': [
                "EARLY BIRD - Top Tier Full Week Residential Pass",
                "Top Tier Full Week Residential Pass",
                "GROUP DISCOUNT - Top Tier Full Week Residential Pass",
                "EARLY BIRD - Middle Tier Residential Pass",
                "Middle Tier Residential Pass",
                "GROUP DISCOUNT - Middle Tier Residential Pass",
                "EARLY BIRD - Courtyard Room Pass",
                "Courtyard Room Pass",
                "GROUP DISCOUNT - Courtyard Room Pass",
                "Non-Residential Week Pass",
                "GROUP DISCOUNT - Non-Residential Week Pass",
                "Indian Citizen Week Pass",
                "Day Pass",
                "Donation to the Swami Shukdevanand Trust",
                "Teacher/Presenter Ticket",
                "Sevak Ticket",
                "Infant Ticket",
                "Media Day Pass",
                "Media Non-Residential Week Pass",
                "Media Residential Week Pass",
                "Special Guest Residential Pass"
            ]
        };

        var request = {
            "setBasicFilter": {
                "filter": filterSettings
            }
        };
        Sheets.Spreadsheets.batchUpdate({'requests': [request]}, ss.getId());
    }
}

Answer 1

您的代码只是声明变量setFilter 是对function object 的引用——它绝不是calls / invokes the function。在您尝试调用函数对象之前，这就是它的全部内容 - 对象引用。即使它是对函数对象的引用。

将setFilter 的声明嵌套为函数内的函数对象（例如function foo()）意味着函数foo 之外的任何其他函数都不能访问该特定函数对象。其他一些函数（或全局函数）可能会说 setFilter 是一个值为 1 的变量：

var setFilter = 1; // globally scope `setFilter` to be value 1.
function foo() {
  Logger.log(typeof setFilter); // number
  try { setFilter() }
  catch (err) { Logger.log(err) } // TypeError: setFilter is not a function, it is number.
}
function foo2() {
  // Define what `setFilter` means within the context (namespace scope) of `foo2`
  // This declaration will shadow the global declaration within this function context.
  function setFilter() { /** code */ };
  Logger.log(typeof setFilter); // function
  setFilter(); // no TypeError from calling a non-function
}

要总结链接的功能指南，您需要执行以下操作：

function showReservationView() {
  function setFilter(/** add parameters for the function here */) {
    // code here
  }

  // Treat the nearest namespace scope declaration of `showAll` as 
  // a function object by calling it.
  showAll();

  // Hide all the column ranges we want to hide.
  const sheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActive().getActiveSheet(),
        rangesToHide = [
          "B1:F1", "H1", "K1:U1", "W1:Z1", "AB1:AK1",
          "AM1", "AO1:AP1", "AR1:BC1", "BE1:BR1"
        ];
  sheet.getRangeList(rangesToHide).getRanges().forEach(function (rg) {
    sheet.hideColumn(rg);
  });

  // Treat the nearest namespace scope declaration of `setFilter` as 
  // a function object by calling it.
  setFilter();
}

参考资料：

• MDN Function Guide
• Array#forEach
• RangeList