无法在 Spring Boot 测试中注入 @Service

Question

将@Service 注入@SpringBootTest（Spring Boot 2 应用程序的一部分）时，我收到空指针异常。 下面是 Service 类的骨架：

@Service
public class CustomerService {

    public Customer insertCustomer(Customer customer){
        /* Logic here */ 
        return  customer;

    }

}

还有测试类：

@SpringBootTest
public class CustomerTest {


   @Autowired
   CustomerService service;

   @Test
    public void testDiscount() {
        Customer customer1 = new Customer("ABC"); 
        service.insertCustomer(customer1);   
        assertEquals(5, customer1.getDiscount());
    }

}

我是否遗漏了测试类中的任何其他注释以使其正常工作？ 谢谢

Answer 1

您应该在测试类级别添加@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 以加载所有必要的bean。并且还要确保你的包名避免@ComponentScan注解。

所以你可以这样做：

在src/main/java下

package com.customer.service;

@Service
public class CustomerService {

   public Customer insertCustomer(Customer customer) {
        /* Logic here */ 
        return  customer;
   }
}

在src/test/java下

package com.customer.service;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class CustomerTest {

   @Autowired
   CustomerService service;

   @Test
   public void testDiscount() {
        Customer customer1 = new Customer("ABC"); 
        service.insertCustomer(customer1);   
        assertEquals(5, customer1.getDiscount());
   }
}