Spring Boot 测试错误的配置类

Question

我正在尝试使用 Spring Boot 2.0.1 测试我的存储库层，但是当我运行我的测试类时，Spring 尝试实例化一个不是来自测试包的 Config 类。

这里是测试代码：

TestConfig.class

@Configuration
@Import(value = {TestDatabaseConfig.class})
@Profile("local")
public class TestConfig {

}

TestDatabaseConfig.class

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "logEntityManagerFactory",
        transactionManagerRef = "logTransactionManager",
        basePackages = { "it.xxx.yyy.repository.log" })
@EntityScan(basePackages = {"it.xxx.yyy.model.log", "it.xxx.yyy.common"})
@Profile("local")
public class TestDatabaseConfig {

@Bean("logDataSourceProperties")
public DataSourceProperties logDataSourceProperties() {
    return new DataSourceProperties();
}


@Bean(name = "logDataSource")
public DataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("logDataSourceProperties") DataSourceProperties properties) {
    return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
            .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2)
            .addScript("classpath:schema.sql")
            .build();
}

@Bean(name = "logEntityManagerFactory")
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean logEntityManagerFactory(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder,
                                                                      @Qualifier("logDataSource") DataSource logDataSource) {
    return builder.dataSource(logDataSource)
            .packages("it.xxx.model.log")
            .persistenceUnit("log")
            .build();
}

@Bean(name = "logTransactionManager")
public PlatformTransactionManager logTransactionManager(@Qualifier("logEntityManagerFactory")EntityManagerFactory logEntityManagerFactory) {
    return new JpaTransactionManager(logEntityManagerFactory);
}

}

当我运行这个类时

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@ActiveProfiles("local")
public class LogRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    private ResultLogRepository resultLogRepository;

    @Test
    public void init(){
    }
}

上面写着：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'kafkaProducer': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'kafka.topic.operation' in value "${kafka.topic.operation}"
[...]
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'kafka.topic.operation' in value "${kafka.topic.operation}"

但我不明白为什么它会从我的主包（上面有 @Configuration 注释）中调出我的 KafkaProducer.class。

Answer 1

在您的 LogRepositoryTest 测试类中，您应该指出应该考虑的备用测试配置类，在您的情况下，我认为应该是 TestConfig。

来自 Spring Boot documentation:

如果您熟悉 Spring 测试框架，您可能习惯使用 @ContextConfiguration(classes=…​) 来指定要加载哪个 Spring @Configuration。或者，您可能经常在测试中使用嵌套的 @Configuration 类。

所以用@ContextConfiguration(classes = {TestConfig.class})注释LogRepositoryTest

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@ActiveProfiles("local")
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {TestConfig.class})
public class LogRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    private ResultLogRepository resultLogRepository;

    @Test
    public void init(){
    }
}

更新

同时注释你的配置类：

@EnableAutoConfiguration

类似：

@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "logEntityManagerFactory",
        transactionManagerRef = "logTransactionManager",
        basePackages = { "it.xxx.yyy.repository.log" })
@EntityScan(basePackages = {"it.xxx.yyy.model.log", "it.xxx.yyy.common"})
@Profile("local")
public class TestDatabaseConfig {
//...
}

更新 2

对于错误：

原因：org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException：没有“org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties”类型的合格bean可用：预期单个匹配bean但找到2：logDataSourceProperties，spring.datasource- org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties

彻底删除方法：

@Bean("logDataSourceProperties")
public DataSourceProperties logDataSourceProperties() {
    return new DataSourceProperties();
}

并更改您的：

@Bean(name = "logDataSource")
public DataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("logDataSourceProperties") DataSourceProperties properties) {
 // ...
}

到：

@Bean(name = "logDataSource")
public DataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
 // ...
}