如何使用 Spring Boot 1.4.0 + 为 JUNIT 测试用例使用随机端口

Question

我正在使用 spring boot 1.3.6 并且我的 JUNIT 测试用例运行良好，在升级到 spring boot 1.4.0 并尝试删除不推荐使用的类之后会抛出错误

我的 JUNITCLASS 与 1.3.x

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@IntegrationTest({"server.port=0"})
public class CustomerControllerIT {

    @Value("${local.server.port}")
    private int port;
    private URL base;
    private RestTemplate template;

    @Autowired
    private DataBuilder dataBuilder;

    @Autowired
    private CustomerRepository customerRepository;

    private static final String JSON_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/json;charset=UTF-8"; 


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        this.base = new URL("http://localhost:" + port + "/rest/customers");
        template = new TestRestTemplate();      

        /* remove and reload test data */
        customerRepository.deleteAll();     
        dataBuilder.createCustomers().forEach(customer -> customerRepository.save(customer));       
    }

    @Test
    public void getAllCustomers() throws Exception {
        ResponseEntity<String> response = template.getForEntity(base.toString(), String.class);     
        assertThat(response.getStatusCode(), equalTo(HttpStatus.OK));

        List<Customer> customers = convertJsonToCustomers(response.getBody());      
        assertThat(customers.size(), equalTo(3));       
    }

private List<Customer> convertJsonToCustomers(String json) throws Exception        {        
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    return mapper.readValue(json, TypeFactory.defaultInstance().constructCollectionType(List.class, Customer.class));
}
}

MyClass 1.4.0

更新完成

• 删除了已弃用的 TestRestTemplate 和 spring 建议的一个
• 使用 SpringRunner 而不是 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner 运行
• 将 @SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class) 替换为 @SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class , webEnvironment=WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)

改动后

​​>

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class , webEnvironment=WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class CustomerControllerIT {

    @Value("${local.server.port}")
    private int port;
    private URL base;
    private TestRestTemplate template;

    @Autowired
    private DataBuilder dataBuilder;

    @Autowired
    private CustomerRepository customerRepository;

    private static final String JSON_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/json;charset=UTF-8"; 


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        this.base = new URL("http://localhost:" + port + "/rest/customers");
        template = new TestRestTemplate();      

        /* remove and reload test data */
        customerRepository.deleteAll();     
        dataBuilder.createCustomers().forEach(customer -> customerRepository.save(customer));       
    }
}

现在我在尝试运行 JUNIT 测试用例时收到 NPE，如何设置随机端口以使我的 JUNIT 测试用例在 Spring Boot 1.4.0 + 中运行？

更新：

这是问题的堆栈跟踪

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:189)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:131)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:230)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:228)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:287)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:247)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.socket.MockServerContainerContextCustomizer.customizeContext(MockServerContainerContextCustomizer.java:38)
    at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader$ContextCustomizerAdapter.initialize(SpringBootContextLoader.java:270)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.applyInitializers(SpringApplication.java:633)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareContext(SpringApplication.java:347)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:311)
    at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:111)
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:98)
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:116)
    ... 25 more

Answer 1

来自Spring Blog 我已经更新了你的最新样本。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class, webEnvironment=WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class CustomerControllerIT {
    @Autowired
    private TestRestTemplate template;

    @Autowired
    private DataBuilder dataBuilder;

    @Autowired
    private CustomerRepository customerRepository;

    private static final String JSON_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/json;charset=UTF-8"; 


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        /* remove and reload test data */
        customerRepository.deleteAll();     
        dataBuilder.createCustomers().forEach(customer -> customerRepository.save(customer));       
    }

    @Test
    public void getAllCustomers() throws Exception {
        ResponseEntity<String> response = template.getForEntity("/rest/customers", String.class);     
        assertThat(response.getStatusCode(), equalTo(HttpStatus.OK));

        List<Customer> customers = convertJsonToCustomers(response.getBody());      
        assertThat(customers.size(), equalTo(3));       
    }
}