14:08:31.741 [main] 调试 org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate - 响应 415 UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE答案

【问题标题】：14:08:31.741 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate - Response 415 UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE14:08:31.741 [main] 调试 org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate - 响应 415 UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE
【发布时间】：2019-12-15 10:16:19
【问题描述】：

编辑：目前仍将此视为错误： 2019-08-08 15:12:50.876 WARN 3164 --- [io-8080-exec-10] .w.s.m.s.DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver：已解决 [org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException：不支持内容类型]

我不太确定为什么它说内容类型“不支持”... 它也适用于邮递员，但不显示 xml，只显示 json，即使我为标题类型选择了 application/xml

我正在尝试让我的基本 spring rest 服务以 XML 响应。我已经注释了所有元素并放置了应该接受 XML 的标题。由于某种原因，我的客户仍然收到“不支持的媒体类型”错误。

我尝试将 @ResponseBody 放在 EmployeeService 中的方法旁边，但它最终给了我一个不同的错误：[org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException: Content type '' not supported]

Employee.java

public class Employee implements Serializable {

    @XmlAttribute
    private String id;

    @XmlElement
    private String name;

    @XmlElement
    private String description;
    //private List<Team> teams;


    public Employee() {
        super();
    }

    public Employee(String id, String name, String description) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.description = description;
        //this.teams = teams;

    }


    @XmlAttribute
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    @XmlAttribute
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    @XmlElement
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    @XmlElement
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    @XmlElement
    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }

//  public List<Team> getTeam() {
//      return teams;
//  }
    @XmlElement
    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }





    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return String.format(
                "employee [id=%s, name=%s, description=%s]", id,
                name, description);
    }
}

EmployeeController.java

@RestController
public class EmployeeController {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeService employeeService;

    @GetMapping(path = "/employees", produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_VALUE}, consumes = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_VALUE})
    public @ResponseBody HashMap<String, Employee> retrieveEmployees() {
        return employeeService.retrieveAllEmployees();
    }

    @GetMapping(path = "/employees/{employeeId}",produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_VALUE}, consumes = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_VALUE})
    public @ResponseBody Employee retrievebyId(@PathVariable String employeeId) {
        return employeeService.retrieveEmployee(employeeId);
    }

    @PostMapping(path="/employees")
    public ResponseEntity<Void> registeremployee(@RequestBody Employee newemployee) {

        Employee employee = employeeService.addEmployee(newemployee.getId(),newemployee.getName(), newemployee.getDescription());

        if (employee == null)
            return ResponseEntity.noContent().build();

        URI location = ServletUriComponentsBuilder.fromCurrentRequest().path(
                "/{id}").buildAndExpand(employee.getId()).toUri();

        return ResponseEntity.created(location).build();
    }

}

EmployeeService.java

@Component
public class EmployeeService {


    static HashMap<String, Employee> employees = new HashMap<>();





    static {
        //Initialize Data

        Team team1 = new Team("t1", "Java team", "Java Dev Team");

        Employee Joe = new Employee("employee1", "Joe Smith","Human Resources");

        Employee Bob = new Employee("employee2", "Bob Jones",
                "Developer");

        employees.put("employee1", Joe);
        employees.put("employee2", Bob);
    }

    public HashMap<String, Employee> retrieveAllEmployees() {
        return employees;
    }

    public Employee retrieveEmployee(String employeeId) {
        return employees.get(employeeId);
    }
    //private SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();

    public Employee addEmployee(String id, String name, String description) {

        //String randomId = new BigInteger(130, random).toString(32);
        Employee employee = new Employee(id, name, description);

        employees.put(id, employee);

        return employee;
    }
}

RestClient.java

public class RestClient {

     public static void getJsonEmployee(String id) throws JSONException, IOException {

         String uri = "http://localhost:8080/employees/" + id;



         RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

         HttpHeaders headers = restTemplate.headForHeaders(uri);


         headers.setAccept(Collections.singletonList(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML));


         String result = restTemplate.getForObject(uri, String.class);
         System.out.println(result);

         }




public static void postJsonEmployee(String id, String name, String description) {

    final String uri = "http://localhost:8080/employees/";


    Employee newemp = new Employee(id, name, description);


    RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();


    HttpHeaders httpHeaders = restTemplate.headForHeaders(uri);


    httpHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);


    Employee result = restTemplate.postForObject( uri, newemp, Employee.class);


    httpHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML);


     }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, JSONException {

     System.out.println("GET or POST?");
     BufferedReader getpost = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
     String selection = getpost.readLine();

     switch(selection) {

     case "GET":

     System.out.println("Type in the employee's ID");
     BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
     String employeeid = reader.readLine();
     getJsonEmployee(employeeid);
     break;

     case "POST":

         System.out.println("Type in the employee's ID");
         Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
         String newid = scan.nextLine();
         System.out.println("Type in the employee's name");
         String newname = scan.nextLine();
         System.out.println("Type in the employee's description");
         String newdesc = scan.nextLine();
         postJsonEmployee(newid, newname, newdesc);
         break;

     }
} 

}

10:00:37.986 [main] 调试 org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate - HTTP HEAD http://localhost:8080/employees/

10:00:38.293 [main] 调试 org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate - 响应 415 UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE 线程“main”中的异常

org.springframework.web.client.HttpClientErrorException$UnsupportedMediaType: 415 null 在 org.springframework.web.client.HttpClientErrorException.create(HttpClientErrorException.java:95) 在 org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler.handleError(DefaultResponseErrorHandler.java:122) 在 org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler.handleError(DefaultResponseErrorHandler.java:102) 在 org.springframework.web.client.ResponseErrorHandler.handleError(ResponseErrorHandler.java:63) 在 org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.handleResponse(RestTemplate.java:778) 在 org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.doExecute(RestTemplate.java:736) 在 org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.execute(RestTemplate.java:670) 在 org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.headForHeaders(RestTemplate.java:362) 在 com.client.clientmodel.RestClient.getJsonEmployee(RestClient.java:52) 在 com.client.clientmodel.RestClient.main(RestClient.java:104)

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.springboot</groupId>
    <artifactId>employee-model</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>employee-model</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>



    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jersey-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
        <artifactId>jersey-container-servlet</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.inject</groupId>
        <artifactId>jersey-hk2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
        <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
        <version>1.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
            <dependency>
    <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>



</project>

【问题讨论】：

您在 postEmployee 方法或 getEmployee 方法中在哪里得到这个错误？
@Sambit 这是我运行 RestClient.java 并执行 getJSONemployee 方法时
您在 Postman 客户端中尝试过使用类似 localhost:8080/employees/someId 这样的网址吗？
@sambit 是的，它可以工作，但它以 JSON 形式返回，我需要它以 XML 形式返回
好的，太好了，然后在同一个 PostMan 客户端中，将 Header 设置为 Accept 作为键，将 application/xml 作为值。之后你检查，一旦你收到，让我知道。

标签： java spring

【解决方案1】：

405 表示您的客户端正在发送错误请求。您正在客户端中发出 HTTP HEAD 请求。尝试“新”HttpHeaders。

发送请求后也无法在请求上设置标头。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

Http 状态码系列 4xx 表示客户端问题。 415 表示不支持的媒体类型。我不是 java 人，但我在 ajax 调用之前就遇到过这个问题。为了解决这个问题，我添加了一个标题 Accept: "*/*" 这个解决方案是针对 ajax 请求的。对于java，我相信会是

     public static void getJsonEmployee(String id) throws JSONException, IOException {

     String uri = "http://localhost:8080/employees/" + id;



     RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

     HttpHeaders headers = restTemplate.headForHeaders(uri);


     headers.add("Accept", "*/*");


     String result = restTemplate.getForObject(uri, String.class);
     System.out.println(result);

     }

【讨论】：

我使用了这个，但我收到了这个错误：2019-08-07 14:44:14.071 WARN 3564 --- [nio-8080-exec-4] .wsmsDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver : 已解决 [org.springframework .web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException：不支持内容类型'']

【解决方案3】：

你可以试试下面的代码。我只修改了 getJsonEmployee() 方法。

public static void getJsonEmployee(String id) throws JSONException, IOException {

     String uri = "http://localhost:8080/employees/" + id;

     RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

     HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
     headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
     HttpEntity entity = new HttpEntity(headers)


    ResponseEntity<String> response = restTemplate.exchange(uri, HttpMethod.GET, entity, String.class);
     String result = response.getBody();
     System.out.println(result);

     }

另外，我看到你的Employee类生成XML是不对的，我在下面提供了建议的Employee类，还有一个main方法，你可以运行测试生成XML结构。

import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import java.io.Serializable;

@XmlRootElement
public class Employee implements Serializable {

  private String id;

  private String name;

  private String description;
  // private List<Team> teams;

  public Employee() {
    super();
  }

  public Employee(String id, String name, String description) {
    this.id = id;
    this.name = name;
    this.description = description;
    // this.teams = teams;

  }

  @XmlAttribute
  public String getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public void setId(String id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  @XmlElement
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }

  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  @XmlElement
  public String getDescription() {
    return description;
  }

  public void setDescription(String description) {
    this.description = description;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return String.format("employee [id=%s, name=%s, description=%s]", id, name, description);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    JAXBContext jaxbContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(Employee.class);
    Marshaller marshaller = jaxbContext.createMarshaller();
    marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, true);

    Employee emp = new Employee("id1", "name-1", "desc-1");
    marshaller.marshal(emp, System.out);
  }
}

【讨论】：

我回来了：2019-08-07 14:38:52.689 WARN 3564 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] .wsmsDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver：已解决 [org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException : 内容类型“不支持”]
既然它在邮递员上也不起作用，那会不会是我的 pom.xml 中的某种依赖问题？
它应该可以在 PostMan 和 RestTemplate 中使用。
我运行了您对employee.java 的实现，这发生了：线程“main”javax.xml.bind.JAXBException 中的异常：在模块路径或类路径上未找到JAXB-API 的实现。 - 带有链接异常：[java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.ContextFactory] at javax.xml.bind.ContextFinder.newInstance(ContextFinder.java:278)
去掉这个import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.ContextFactory，简单的复制粘贴我提供的类并尝试运行。