无法自动接线。找不到“JobRepositoryTestUtils”类型的 bean。添加了 SpringBatchTest 注解

Question

我正在使用 @SpringBatchTest 注释进行 Spring Batch 单元测试，该注释应该自动添加 JobLauncherTestUtils 和 JobRepositoryTestUtils 的 bean。

这里是 Job 配置类：

@Configuration
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class JobConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public Job getJob(JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory,
                      @Qualifier("flow_master") Flow flowMaster) {

        return jobBuilderFactory.get("job")
                .incrementer(new RunIdIncrementer())
                .start(flowMaster)
                .build().build();
    }
}

这是测试类：

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBatchTest
@ContextConfiguration(classes = JobConfiguration.class)
public class SpringBatchTest {

    @Autowired
    private JobLauncherTestUtils jobLauncherTestUtils;

    @Before
    public void clearJobExecutions() {
        this.jobRepositoryTestUtils.removeJobExecutions();
    }

    @Test
    public void testMyJob() throws Exception {

        JobParameters jobParameters = this.jobLauncherTestUtils.getUniqueJobParameters();

        JobExecution jobExecution = this.jobLauncherTestUtils.launchJob(jobParameters);

        Assert.assertEquals(ExitStatus.COMPLETED, jobExecution.getExitStatus());
    }

}

问题：

我收到错误消息：

• 无法自动接线。找不到“JobLauncherTestUtils”类型的 bean。

我已经克隆了一些应该可以工作的 repo 示例，但我都遇到了同样的错误。

我错过了什么吗？

Answer 1

您没有共享您的导入，但您可能在 junit4 和 junit5 之间混合了导入。我无法重现您的错误。这是一个完整的例子：

作业配置类：

package com.example.demo;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.batch.core.Job;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParameters;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.EnableBatchProcessing;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.JobBuilderFactory;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.StepBuilderFactory;
import org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher;
import org.springframework.batch.repeat.RepeatStatus;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType;

@Configuration
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class MyJobConfig {

    @Bean
    public Job job(JobBuilderFactory jobs, StepBuilderFactory steps) {
        return jobs.get("job")
                .start(steps.get("step")
                        .tasklet((contribution, chunkContext) -> {
                            System.out.println("Hello world!");
                            return RepeatStatus.FINISHED;
                        }).build())
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
                .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2)
                .addScript("/org/springframework/batch/core/schema-h2.sql")
                .build();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyJobConfig.class);
        JobLauncher jobLauncher = context.getBean(JobLauncher.class);
        Job job = context.getBean(Job.class);
        jobLauncher.run(job, new JobParameters());
    }

}

测试类：

package com.example.demo;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;

import org.springframework.batch.core.ExitStatus;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobExecution;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParameters;
import org.springframework.batch.test.JobLauncherTestUtils;
import org.springframework.batch.test.JobRepositoryTestUtils;
import org.springframework.batch.test.context.SpringBatchTest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBatchTest
@ContextConfiguration(classes = MyJobConfig.class)
class MyJobConfigTest {

    @Autowired
    private JobLauncherTestUtils jobLauncherTestUtils;

    @Autowired
    private JobRepositoryTestUtils jobRepositoryTestUtils;

    @BeforeEach
    public void clearJobExecutions() {
        this.jobRepositoryTestUtils.removeJobExecutions();
    }

    @Test
    public void testMyJob() throws Exception {
        // given
        JobParameters jobParameters = this.jobLauncherTestUtils.getUniqueJobParameters();

        // when
        JobExecution jobExecution = this.jobLauncherTestUtils.launchJob(jobParameters);

        // then
        Assertions.assertEquals(ExitStatus.COMPLETED, jobExecution.getExitStatus());
    }

}

还有pom.xml 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>so67767525</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>so67767525</name>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.batch</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-batch-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.batch</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-batch-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <!-- While this has "boot" in the name, it does not bring any Spring Boot feature. -->
    <!-- It is used to manage Spring projects dependencies that are known to work correctly together -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.4.6</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

</project>

测试成功运行，没有你提到的错误。