如何使用 Moq 和 Nunit 测试 ASP.Net MVC POST 控制器

Question

我想编写一个单元测试来测试是否创建了一个新项目，而不是将它实际保存到数据库中。我对起订量不是很熟悉，也不是一般的嘲笑。

这是控制器代码：

// POST: api/MoviesAPI
[ResponseType(typeof(MovieDTO))]
[Route("api/movies/post")]
public IHttpActionResult PostMovies(MovieDTO movie)
{

    // Validation
    if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(movie.Title))
    {
        return Ok("Movie Title is required");
    }

    if (movie.GenreIds == null || movie.GenreIds.Count == 0)
    {
        return Ok("A new Movie requires at least one genre to be selected");
    }

    if (!ModelState.IsValid)
    {
        return BadRequest(ModelState);
    }
    // /Validation

    //// Create Movie type object to add
    var newMovie = new Movies()
    {
        Title = movie.Title,
        Released = movie.Released
    };

    using (var db = new MoviesContext())
    {
        // Link genres from DB to the new Movie
        newMovie.Genres = new List<Genres>();
        foreach (var g in movie.GenreIds)
        {
            var genreToAdd = db.Genres.FirstOrDefault(x => x.GenreId == g);
            newMovie.Genres.Add(genreToAdd);
        }

        // Try to insert the new Movie
        try
        {
            db.Movies.Add(newMovie);
            db.SaveChanges();
        }
        catch (DbEntityValidationException ex)
        {
            return BadRequest(ex.Message);
        }


        return Ok(movie);
    }
}

还有我不完整的测试：

[TestMethod]
public void Insert_NewMovie_IsSuccessful()
{
    //var sut = new Mock<MoviesAPIController>();
    var sut = new MoviesAPIController();
    var model = new MovieDTO();

    //sut.PostMovies(model);

    // TODO: Assert
}

Answer 1

除了建议的 cmets，您还应该查看以下资源

Unit Testing Controllers in ASP.NET Web API 2

C# Writing unit tests with NUnit and Moq

Writing unit tests with NUnit and Moq

最后一个链接只是我用来获取以前链接的 Google 搜索。 :)

如果您花时间查看提供的链接，您将更好地了解如何编写单元测试来测试新项目是否已创建，而无需将其实际保存到数据库中

以下示例是根据上面的链接建模并修改以显示如何根据提供的代码执行此操作。

这是一个简化的控制器，您的所有数据库代码都已分离到它自己的关注点。

[RoutePrefix("api/movies")]
public class MoviesAPIController : ApiController {

    IMovieRepository repository;

    public MovieController(IMovieRepository repository) {
        this.repository = repository;
    }

    [HttpGet]
    [Route("")]
    [ResponseType(typeof(MovieDTO))]
    public IHttpActionResult Get(int id) {
        var movie = repository.GetById(id);
        if (movie == null) {
            return NotFound();
        }
        return Ok(movie);
    }

    // POST api/movies
    [HttpPost]
    [Route("")]
    [ResponseType(typeof(MovieDTO))]
    public IHttpActionResult PostMovies(MovieDTO movie) {

        // Validation
        if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(movie.Title)) {
            return BadRequest("Movie Title is required");
        }

        if (movie.GenreIds == null || movie.GenreIds.Count == 0) {
            return BadRequest("A new Movie requires at least one genre to be selected");
        }

        if (!ModelState.IsValid) {
            return BadRequest(ModelState);
        }

        repository.Add(movie);
        return CreatedAtRoute("DefaultApi", new { id = movie.Id, title = movie.Title }, movie);
    }

    public IHttpActionResult Delete(int id) {
        repository.Delete(id);
        return Ok();
    }

    public IHttpActionResult Put(MovieDTO movie) {
        // Do some work (not shown).
        return Content(HttpStatusCode.Accepted, movie);
    } 
}

这是 POST 的示例测试，再次根据您的原始示例进行修改。

[TestMethod]
public void PostMethodSetsLocationHeader()
{
    // Arrange
    var mockRepository = new Mock<IMovieRepository>();
    var controller = new MoviesAPIController(mockRepository.Object);
    var model = new MovieDTO()
    {
        Title = "Mad Max: Fury Road",
        Released = DateTime.Parse("15 May 2015"),
        GenreIds = new List<int>(){ 1 }
    };

    // Act    
    IHttpActionResult actionResult = controller.PostMovies(model);
    var createdResult = actionResult as CreatedAtRouteNegotiatedContentResult<MovieDTO>;

    // Assert
    Assert.IsNotNull(createdResult);
    Assert.AreEqual("DefaultApi", createdResult.RouteName);
    Assert.AreEqual(model.Title, createdResult.RouteValues["title"]);
}