为什么我无法通过 ssh 连接到我使用 AWS CloudFormation 创建的 AWS ec2 实例？

Question

我正在使用 CloudFormation 创建一个 EC2 实例，其中提到了 VPC、子网和安全组。但是，当实例启动时，我无法通过 ssh 连接到实例并收到以下消息：

ssh -i aws_jenkins.pem ec2-user@34.217.129.89

无法确定主机“34.217.129.89 (34.217.129.89)”的真实性。 ECDSA 密钥指纹为 SHA256:rs3bjVKolzdmktzfiSd0Oo5RU6dLdT/PGHpycStgFK8。 ECDSA 密钥指纹为 MD5:7f:cc:61:c4:f3:1a:b7:45:9a:f0:da:e8:0c:a4:d9:bc。

您确定要继续连接吗（是/否）？是的

警告：将“34.217.129.89”(ECDSA) 永久添加到已知主机列表中。

权限被拒绝（公钥、gssapi-keyex、gssapi-with-mic）。

但是，如果我从 AWS 控制台创建另一个 EC2

使用相同的 ImageID、VPC、子网、SecurityGroup 和 Key。 我可以通过 SSH 访问它。

但是为什么通过 CloudFormation 创建的实例不支持 SSH

我无法解决这个问题，非常感谢任何见解/解决方案。

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09

Parameters:

  EnvironmentName:
    Description: An environment name that will be prefixed to resource names
    Type: String

  VpcCIDR: 
    Description: Please enter the IP range (CIDR notation) for this VPC
    Type: String
    Default: 10.192.0.0/16

  PublicSubnet1CIDR:
    Description: Please enter the IP range (CIDR notation) for the public subnet in the first Availability Zone
    Type: String
    Default: 10.192.10.0/24

  PublicSubnet2CIDR:
    Description: Please enter the IP range (CIDR notation) for the public subnet in the second Availability Zone
    Type: String
    Default: 10.192.11.0/24

  InstanceType:
    Description: WebServer EC2 instance type
    Type: String
    Default: t2.micro
    AllowedValues: [ t1.micro, t2.nano, t2.micro, t2.small, t2.medium]
    ConstraintDescription : must be a valid EC2 instance type.

  KeyName:
    Description: The EC2 Key Pair to allow SSH access to the instances
    Type: AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName
    Default: jenkins-test
    ConstraintDescription: must be the name of an existing EC2 KeyPair.

  SSHLocation: 
    Description: The IP address range that can be used to SSH to the EC2 instances
    Type: String
    MinLength: 9
    MaxLength: 18
    Default: 0.0.0.0/0
    AllowedPattern: "(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})/(\\d{1,2})"
    ConstraintDescription: must be a valid IP CIDR range of the form x.x.x.x/x.

Resources:

  VPC:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPC
    Properties:
      CidrBlock: !Ref VpcCIDR
      EnableDnsSupport: true
      EnableDnsHostnames: true
      Tags: 
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Ref EnvironmentName

  InternetGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::InternetGateway
    DependsOn: VPC
    Properties:
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Ref EnvironmentName

  InternetGatewayAttachment:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment
    Properties:
      InternetGatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway
      VpcId: !Ref VPC

  PublicSubnet1: 
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      AvailabilityZone: !Select [ 0, !GetAZs ]
      CidrBlock: !Ref PublicSubnet1CIDR
      MapPublicIpOnLaunch: true
      Tags: 
      - Key: Name 
        Value: !Sub ${EnvironmentName}-Public-Subnet-(AZ1)

  PublicSubnet2:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      AvailabilityZone: !Select [ 1, !GetAZs ]
      CidrBlock: !Ref PublicSubnet2CIDR
      MapPublicIpOnLaunch: true
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub ${EnvironmentName}-Public-Subnet-(AZ2)     

  PublicRouteTable:
    Type: AWS::EC2::RouteTable
    Properties: 
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      Tags: 
      - Key: Name 
        Value: !Sub ${EnvironmentName} Public Routes

  DefaultPublicRoute: 
    Type: AWS::EC2::Route
    DependsOn: InternetGatewayAttachment
    Properties: 
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      GatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway

  PublicSubnet1RouteTableAssociation:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet1

  PublicSubnet2RouteTableAssociation:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet2


  InstanceSecurityGroup:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Enable SSH access and HTTP to instance
      SecurityGroupIngress:
      - IpProtocol: tcp
        FromPort: 22
        ToPort: 22
        CidrIp: !Ref SSHLocation

      - IpProtocol: tcp
        FromPort: 80
        ToPort: 80
        CidrIp: !Ref SSHLocation
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: TestSecurity_group

  MyInstance:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
    Properties:
      ImageId: ami-061392db613a6357b
      InstanceType: !Ref InstanceType
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet1
      KeyName: !Ref KeyName
      SecurityGroupIds:
      - !Ref InstanceSecurityGroup
      Tags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: TestServer

Answer 1

在你的参数中你有：

KeyName:
    Description: The EC2 Key Pair to allow SSH access to the instances
    Type: AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName
    Default: jenkins-test
    ConstraintDescription: must be the name of an existing EC2 KeyPair.

1. 您是否让它使用此默认参数构建？
2. 您确定您使用的是正确的匹配密钥吗？