以自定义变量为条件的 Azure 管道

Question

我们希望优化我们的管道以避免运行特定情况不需要的步骤。
我已经创建了变量shouldTriggerAnyBuild，但它似乎总是正确的（或被忽略），因为指定的步骤总是运行，即使后面的任何步骤（条件组合的位置）都没有运行。

脚本有什么问题，或者我该如何调试它？

trigger:
- master
- stage
- release/*

pool:
  vmImage: 'macOS-latest'

variables:
  shouldTriggerAnyBuild: $[ or(and(eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/master'), not(startsWith(variables['Build.SourceVersionMessage'], 'release:'))), eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/stage'), startsWith(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/release/')) ]
  
steps:
- task: UseRubyVersion@0
  inputs:
    versionSpec: '~> 2.6'

- script: echo "y" | $ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin/sdkmanager --install 'system-images;android-29;google_apis;x86'
  displayName: 'install/setup android sdkmanager'
  condition: variables.shouldTriggerAnyBuild

- script: gem install bundler
  displayName: 'gem install bundler'
  condition: variables.shouldTriggerAnyBuild

- script: bundle install
  displayName: 'bundle install'
  condition: variables.shouldTriggerAnyBuild

- script: bundle exec fastlane ciBuildDev
  displayName: 'build dev'
  condition: and(eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/master'),  not(startsWith(variables['Build.SourceVersionMessage'], 'release:')))

- script: bundle exec fastlane ciDeployToTest
  displayName: 'build stage'
  condition: eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/stage')

- script: bundle exec fastlane ciDeployToGooglePlay
  displayName: 'build release'
  condition: startsWith(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/release/')
    
- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
  displayName: "Publish artifacts .apk"
  condition: startsWith(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/release/')
  inputs:
    PathtoPublish: ./app/build/outputs/apk/prod/app-prod-unsigned.apk
    ArtifactName: Prod_app_apk
        

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/process/expressions?view=azure-devops

Answer 1

脚本有什么问题？

Conditions 写作expressions。 condition: variables.shouldTriggerAnyBuild 不会生效。 相反，您可以使用condition: eq(variables['SHOULDTRIGGERANYBUILD'], 'True') 进行条件步骤。我认为这是你问题的直接原因。此外，如果您愿意，请随时使用condition: eq(variables['shouldTriggerAnyBuild'], 'True')，它也可以使用。

如何调试？

这是在必要时调试值的快速方法：

1.将第二个值改为不可能的变量，跳过该步骤时可以检查自定义变量的真实值：

2.如果你想让所有事情都清楚，那么你可以这样做：

- task: CmdLine@2
  inputs:
    script: |
      echo Hello world
  condition: eq(and(eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/master'), not(startsWith(variables['Build.SourceVersionMessage'], 'release:'))),'True')

- task: CmdLine@2
  inputs:
    script: |
      echo Hello world
  condition: eq(eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/stage'),'True')

- task: CmdLine@2
  inputs:
    script: |
      echo Hello world
  condition: eq(startsWith(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/release/'),'True')

由于您的变量是and(eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/master'), not(startsWith(variables['Build.SourceVersionMessage'], 'release:')))、eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/stage') 和startsWith(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/release/') 通过Or function 的组合，因此您可以将它们分开来调试shouldTriggerAnyBuild 如何像往常一样扩展True。

这样，你可以很容易地调试它们，找出变量是如何展开的：

注意：

1.Or函数：如果任何参数为真，则评估True。

2. 大多数情况下，如果先前的任务之一失败，我们会选择跳过当前任务，因此您可以考虑将succeeded() 和您的变量shouldTriggerAnyBuild 结合起来。示例here。

Answer 2

经过大量的试验和错误，我们发现有Build.SourceVersionMessage，这意味着我们不能将它用作变量，所以我们最终得到了如下所示的破解：

trigger:
  - master
  - stage
  - release/*

pool:
  vmImage: "macOS-latest"

variables:
  # we can't use Build.SourceVersionMessage up here because it's not defined when the variables is set here

  isMaster: ${{eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/master')}}
  isStage: ${{eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/stage')}}
  isRelease: ${{startsWith(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/release/')}}
  releaseMessagePrefix: "release:"

jobs:
  - job:
    steps:
      - task: UseRubyVersion@0
        displayName: "set ruby version"
        inputs:
          versionSpec: "~> 2.6"

      - task: Bash@3
        displayName: "set commitMessage variable"
        inputs:
          targetType: inline
          script: echo '##vso[task.setvariable variable=commitMessage]$(Build.SourceVersionMessage)'

      - script: echo "y" | $ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin/sdkmanager --install 'system-images;android-29;google_apis;x86'
        displayName: "install/setup android sdkmanager"
        condition: or(and(variables.isMaster, not(startsWith(variables.commitMessage, variables.releaseMessagePrefix))), ${{variables.isStage}}, ${{variables.isRelease}})

      - script: gem install bundler
        displayName: "gem install bundler"
        condition: or(and(variables.isMaster, not(startsWith(variables.commitMessage, variables.releaseMessagePrefix))), ${{variables.isStage}}, ${{variables.isRelease}})

      - script: bundle install
        displayName: "bundle install"
        condition: or(and(variables.isMaster, not(startsWith(variables.commitMessage, variables.releaseMessagePrefix))), ${{variables.isStage}}, ${{variables.isRelease}})

      - script: bundle exec fastlane ciBuildDev
        displayName: "Build: dev"
        condition: and(variables.isMaster, not(startsWith(variables.commitMessage, variables.releaseMessagePrefix)))

      - script: bundle exec fastlane ciDeployToTest
        displayName: "Build: stage"
        condition: ${{variables.isStage}}

      - script: bundle exec fastlane ciDeployToGooglePlay
        displayName: "Build: release"
        condition: ${{variables.isRelease}}

      - task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
        displayName: "Publish: .apk"
        condition: ${{variables.isRelease}}
        inputs:
          PathtoPublish: ./app/build/outputs/apk/prod/app-prod-unsigned.apk
          ArtifactName: Prod_app_apk