ruamel_yaml.constructor.ConstructorError：无法确定“<unicode string>”中标签“tag:yaml.org,2002:python/tuple”的构造函数答案

【问题标题】：ruamel_yaml.constructor.ConstructorError: could not determine a constructor for the tag 'tag:yaml.org,2002:python/tuple' in "<unicode string>"ruamel_yaml.constructor.ConstructorError：无法确定“<unicode string>”中标签“tag:yaml.org,2002:python/tuple”的构造函数
【发布时间】：2021-06-11 00:16:23
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试下载 Kinetics-600 数据集以进行活动识别，为此我遵循此 repo 中的说明：https://github.com/activitynet/ActivityNet

但是，在步骤 conda env create -f environment.yml 我收到此错误：

ruamel_yaml.constructor.ConstructorError: 无法确定一个 “”，第 2 行，第 11 列中标签 'tag:yaml.org,2002:python/tuple' 的构造函数：通道：!!python/tuple

我应该如何解决这个错误？

错误的完整报告是：

(base) /mnt/disks/mona/ActivityNet/Crawler/Kinetics$ conda env create -f environment.yml

# >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ERROR REPORT <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda/exceptions.py", line 1079, in __call__
        return func(*args, **kwargs)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/cli/main.py", line 80, in do_call
        exit_code = getattr(module, func_name)(args, parser)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/cli/main_create.py", line 87, in execute
        spec = specs.detect(name=name, filename=filename, directory=os.getcwd())
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/specs/__init__.py", line 43, in detect
        if spec.can_handle():
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/specs/yaml_file.py", line 18, in can_handle
        self._environment = env.from_file(self.filename)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/env.py", line 160, in from_file
        return from_yaml(yamlstr, filename=filename)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/env.py", line 141, in from_yaml
        data = yaml_safe_load(yamlstr)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda/common/serialize.py", line 67, in yaml_safe_load
        return yaml.safe_load(string, version="1.2")
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/main.py", line 980, in safe_load
        return load(stream, SafeLoader, version)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/main.py", line 935, in load
        return loader._constructor.get_single_data()
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 108, in get_single_data
        return self.construct_document(node)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 118, in construct_document
        for _dummy in generator:
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 691, in construct_yaml_map
        value = self.construct_mapping(node)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 418, in construct_mapping
        return BaseConstructor.construct_mapping(self, node, deep=deep)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 242, in construct_mapping
        value = self.construct_object(value_node, deep=deep)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 164, in construct_object
        data = constructor(self, node)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 711, in construct_undefined
        node.start_mark,
    ruamel_yaml.constructor.ConstructorError: could not determine a constructor for the tag 'tag:yaml.org,2002:python/tuple'
      in "<unicode string>", line 2, column 11:
        channels: !!python/tuple
                  ^ (line: 2)

`$ /opt/conda/bin/conda-env create -f environment.yml`

  environment variables:
            BINARIES_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/binaries
                 CIO_TEST=<not set>
  CONDA_AUTO_UPDATE_CONDA=false
        CONDA_DEFAULT_ENV=base
                CONDA_EXE=/opt/conda/bin/conda
CONDA_MKL_INTERFACE_LAYER_BACKUP=
             CONDA_PREFIX=/opt/conda
    CONDA_PROMPT_MODIFIER=(base)
         CONDA_PYTHON_EXE=/opt/conda/bin/python
               CONDA_ROOT=/opt/conda
              CONDA_SHLVL=1
           CURL_CA_BUNDLE=<not set>
              DL_BIN_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/bin
         DL_METADATA_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata
                  DL_PATH=/opt/deeplearning
        ENV_URI_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/env_uri
    ENV_VERSION_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/env_version
      FRAMEWORK_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/framework
                 INFOPATH=/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/share/info:
        JUPYTER_DEPS_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/jupyter
          LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:/usr/local/nccl2/lib:/usr/local/cuda/extras/CUPT
                          I/lib64
                  MANPATH=/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/share/man:
                     PATH=/opt/conda/bin:/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin:/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbr
                          ew/sbin:/usr/local/cuda/bin:/opt/conda/bin:/opt/conda/condabin:/usr/lo
                          cal/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games
               PYTHONPATH=/mnt/disks/mona/SlowFast/slowfast:
       REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE=<not set>
RESTRICTION_TYPE_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/restriction
                 SRC_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/src
            SSL_CERT_FILE=<not set>
          TITLE_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/title
           TUTORIALS_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/workspace/tutorials
        VERSION_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/version
           WORKSPACE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/workspace

     active environment : base
    active env location : /opt/conda
            shell level : 1
       user config file : /home/mona/.condarc
 populated config files : /opt/conda/.condarc
          conda version : 4.9.2
    conda-build version : not installed
         python version : 3.7.8.final.0
       virtual packages : __cuda=11.0=0
                          __glibc=2.28=0
                          __unix=0=0
                          __archspec=1=x86_64
       base environment : /opt/conda  (writable)
           channel URLs : https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64
                          https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/linux-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/linux-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
          package cache : /opt/conda/pkgs
                          /home/mona/.conda/pkgs
       envs directories : /opt/conda/envs
                          /home/mona/.conda/envs
               platform : linux-64
             user-agent : conda/4.9.2 requests/2.24.0 CPython/3.7.8 Linux/4.19.0-13-cloud-amd64 debian/10 glibc/2.28
                UID:GID : 1016:1017
             netrc file : None
           offline mode : False


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by running

    $ conda config --set report_errors true


$ conda config --set report_errors true

$ conda env create -f environment.yml

# >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ERROR REPORT <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda/exceptions.py", line 1079, in __call__
        return func(*args, **kwargs)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/cli/main.py", line 80, in do_call
        exit_code = getattr(module, func_name)(args, parser)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/cli/main_create.py", line 87, in execute
        spec = specs.detect(name=name, filename=filename, directory=os.getcwd())
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/specs/__init__.py", line 43, in detect
        if spec.can_handle():
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/specs/yaml_file.py", line 18, in can_handle
        self._environment = env.from_file(self.filename)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/env.py", line 160, in from_file
        return from_yaml(yamlstr, filename=filename)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda_env/env.py", line 141, in from_yaml
        data = yaml_safe_load(yamlstr)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/conda/common/serialize.py", line 67, in yaml_safe_load
        return yaml.safe_load(string, version="1.2")
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/main.py", line 980, in safe_load
        return load(stream, SafeLoader, version)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/main.py", line 935, in load
        return loader._constructor.get_single_data()
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 108, in get_single_data
        return self.construct_document(node)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 118, in construct_document
        for _dummy in generator:
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 691, in construct_yaml_map
        value = self.construct_mapping(node)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 418, in construct_mapping
        return BaseConstructor.construct_mapping(self, node, deep=deep)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 242, in construct_mapping
        value = self.construct_object(value_node, deep=deep)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 164, in construct_object
        data = constructor(self, node)
      File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ruamel_yaml/constructor.py", line 711, in construct_undefined
        node.start_mark,
    ruamel_yaml.constructor.ConstructorError: could not determine a constructor for the tag 'tag:yaml.org,2002:python/tuple'
      in "<unicode string>", line 2, column 11:
        channels: !!python/tuple
                  ^ (line: 2)

`$ /opt/conda/bin/conda-env create -f environment.yml`

  environment variables:
            BINARIES_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/binaries
                 CIO_TEST=<not set>
  CONDA_AUTO_UPDATE_CONDA=false
        CONDA_DEFAULT_ENV=base
                CONDA_EXE=/opt/conda/bin/conda
CONDA_MKL_INTERFACE_LAYER_BACKUP=
             CONDA_PREFIX=/opt/conda
    CONDA_PROMPT_MODIFIER=(base)
         CONDA_PYTHON_EXE=/opt/conda/bin/python
               CONDA_ROOT=/opt/conda
              CONDA_SHLVL=1
           CURL_CA_BUNDLE=<not set>
              DL_BIN_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/bin
         DL_METADATA_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata
                  DL_PATH=/opt/deeplearning
        ENV_URI_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/env_uri
    ENV_VERSION_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/env_version
      FRAMEWORK_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/framework
                 INFOPATH=/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/share/info:
        JUPYTER_DEPS_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/jupyter
          LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:/usr/local/nccl2/lib:/usr/local/cuda/extras/CUPT
                          I/lib64
                  MANPATH=/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/share/man:
                     PATH=/opt/conda/bin:/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin:/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbr
                          ew/sbin:/usr/local/cuda/bin:/opt/conda/bin:/opt/conda/condabin:/usr/lo
                          cal/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games
               PYTHONPATH=/mnt/disks/mona/SlowFast/slowfast:
       REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE=<not set>
RESTRICTION_TYPE_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/restriction
                 SRC_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/src
            SSL_CERT_FILE=<not set>
          TITLE_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/title
           TUTORIALS_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/workspace/tutorials
        VERSION_FILE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/metadata/version
           WORKSPACE_PATH=/opt/deeplearning/workspace

     active environment : base
    active env location : /opt/conda
            shell level : 1
       user config file : /home/mona/.condarc
 populated config files : /opt/conda/.condarc
                          /home/mona/.condarc
          conda version : 4.9.2
    conda-build version : not installed
         python version : 3.7.8.final.0
       virtual packages : __cuda=11.0=0
                          __glibc=2.28=0
                          __unix=0=0
                          __archspec=1=x86_64
       base environment : /opt/conda  (writable)
           channel URLs : https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64
                          https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/linux-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/linux-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
          package cache : /opt/conda/pkgs
                          /home/mona/.conda/pkgs
       envs directories : /opt/conda/envs
                          /home/mona/.conda/envs
               platform : linux-64
             user-agent : conda/4.9.2 requests/2.24.0 CPython/3.7.8 Linux/4.19.0-13-cloud-amd64 debian/10 glibc/2.28
                UID:GID : 1016:1017
             netrc file : None
           offline mode : False


An unexpected error has occurred. Conda has prepared the above report.

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这是我用来创建 conda 环境的 repo 中的 environment.yml 文件：

name: kinetics
channels: !!python/tuple
- !!python/unicode
  'defaults'
dependencies:
- joblib=0.9.4=py27_0
- menpo::ffmpeg=3.1.3=0
- mkl=2017.0.1=0
- numpy=1.12.1=py27_0
- openssl=1.0.2k=1
- pandas=0.19.2=np112py27_1
- pip=9.0.1=py27_1
- python=2.7.13=0
- python-dateutil=2.6.0=py27_0
- pytz=2017.2=py27_0
- readline=6.2=2
- setuptools=27.2.0=py27_0
- six=1.10.0=py27_0
- sqlite=3.13.0=0
- tk=8.5.18=0
- wheel=0.29.0=py27_0
- zlib=1.2.8=3
- pip:
  - decorator==4.0.11
  - olefile==0.44
  - youtube-dl==2017.6.5
prefix: /home/cabaf/.conda/envs/kinetics

【问题讨论】：

标签： python yaml conda ruamel.yaml

【解决方案1】：

environment.yml 似乎是在 conda 使用 yaml.load 的时候编写的，但它是 has since switched to yaml.safe_load：

1.1.1 (2019-03-22)

使用 yaml.safe_load 而不是 yaml.load 删除 yaml 加载警告。修复 include 为空时 NoneType object is not iterable 的错误。

您可以尝试从environment.yml 中删除!!python/tuple（还有!!python/unicode，它不会做任何事情），但不清楚为什么它首先存在，它可能会给您带来另一个错误。

!!python/tuple 的作用在于它指示 YAML 将以下序列不是作为列表加载，而是作为元组加载。这样做的一个原因是当加载的值将用于散列数据结构（dict 或 set）时，因为元组是可散列的，而列表不是。然而，这通常是在 YAML 文件中已经使用了一个映射的值时完成的，这里不是这种情况。

您收到错误的原因是因为yaml.safe_load 使用了安全加载程序，它不像旧的“危险”加载程序那样调用任意构造函数（因为这是一个安全问题）。因此，您不能使用它加载元组。

【讨论】：

另外，由于 YAML 已有 4 年历史，他们需要添加 free 频道（在 defaults 之后）。

【解决方案2】：

我遇到了同样的问题。删除!!python/tuple 和!!python/unicode 不一定能解决问题。无需在 conda 环境中运行它。我 pip 安装了 ActivityNet/Crawler/Kinetics/download.py 顶部列出的所有软件包，使用 apt -y update && apt -y install ffmpeg 下载了 ffmpeg，然后运行了 python download.py ./data/kinetics-400_train.csv ./DirName，这对我有用（我还通过在 download.py 中添加 os.remove(output_filename) 来编辑代码ffmpeg 抛出错误）。

【讨论】：