无法使用 Maven 启动 FirefoxDriver答案

【问题标题】：Unable to start the FirefoxDriver using Maven无法使用 Maven 启动 FirefoxDriver
【发布时间】：2016-08-19 18:35:27
【问题描述】：

在 Maven 的帮助下，我正在尝试启动 firefox 浏览器并传递 google url。但是firefox浏览器启动后就不行了。

我已经在 pom.xml 依赖中添加了所有的 jars。

driver = new FirefoxDriver();

以上线路不起作用，请指导我伸出援手。

代码：

public class Test {
    WebDriver driver;
    
    @BeforeTest
    public void main() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("Driver is running");
        driver = new FirefoxDriver();
        System.out.println(driver.toString());
        System.out.println("Driver is running");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
    }
    
    @org.testng.annotations.Test
    public void open(){
        driver.get("www.google.com");
    }
    
    @AfterTest
    public void close() throws InterruptedException{
        driver.wait(5000);
    }
}

POM.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <groupId>com.maven.sample</groupId>
 <artifactId>first</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <name>Sample Project</name>
 <build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.19.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <suiteXmlFiles>
                    <!-- TestNG suite XML files -->
                        <suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                    </suiteXmlFiles>
                </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>2.43.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
            <version>19.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.9.10</version>
        </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

Testng.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Automationsuite">
  <test name="demoTest">
    <classes>
       <class name="first.Test" />
    </classes>
  </test>  
</suite>

控制台：

org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:
S@k7computing.com in winreg-app-global
1461736685578   addons.xpi  DEBUG   getInstallState changed: false, state: {"app-profile":{"fxdriver@googlecode.com":{"d":"C:\\Users\\MSTEMP\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\anonymous6839848801827999862webdriver-profile\\extensions\\fxdriver@googlecode.com","e":false,"v":"2.42.0","st":1461736684069,"mt":1461736683939}},"app-system-defaults":{"loop@mozilla.org":{"d":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\browser\\features\\loop@mozilla.org.xpi","e":true,"v":"1.1.14","st":1460445867014}},"app-global":{"{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}":{"d":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\browser\\extensions\\{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}.xpi","e":true,"v":"45.0.2","st":1460445867030}},"winreg-app-global":{"k7srff_enUS@k7computing.com":{"d":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\K7 Computing\\K7TSecurity\\K7SR\\K7WebProtection.xpi","e":false,"v":"2.4","st":1451992580000}}}
1461736685579   addons.xpi  DEBUG   No changes found
1461736685584   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi
1461736685585   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi
1461736685600   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on loop@mozilla.org version 1.1.14
1461736685611   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Starting async load of XPI database C:\Users\MSTEMP\AppData\Local\Temp\anonymous6839848801827999862webdriver-profile\extensions.json
1461736685616   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: <unnamed-provider>
1461736685616   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for <unnamed-provider>
1461736685616   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: <unnamed-provider>
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager
1461736685628   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider
1461736685632   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider
1461736685632   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence
1461736685820   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Async JSON file read took 0 MS
1461736685820   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Finished async read of XPI database, parsing...
1461736685821   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Successfully read XPI database
*** Blocklist::_loadBlocklistFromFile: blocklist is disabled
1461736685912   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736685912   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736685912   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736706152   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method shutdown on loop@mozilla.org version 1.1.14
1461736706264   addons.manager  DEBUG   shutdown
1461736706264   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for <unnamed-provider>
1461736706265   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for XPIProvider
1461736706265   addons.xpi  DEBUG   shutdown
1461736706265   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   shutdown
1461736706265   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager
1461736706266   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for GMPProvider
1461736706267   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for PluginProvider
1461736706268   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736706270   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Notifying XPI shutdown observers
1461736706274   addons.manager  DEBUG   Async provider shutdown done

    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:118)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:246)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:115)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:191)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:186)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:182)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:95)
    at selenium.Sample.main(Sample.java:14)
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Failed to connect to binary FirefoxBinary(C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe) on port 7055; process output follows: 
S@k7computing.com in winreg-app-global
1461736685578   addons.xpi  DEBUG   getInstallState changed: false, state: {"app-profile":{"fxdriver@googlecode.com":{"d":"C:\\Users\\MSTEMP\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\anonymous6839848801827999862webdriver-profile\\extensions\\fxdriver@googlecode.com","e":false,"v":"2.42.0","st":1461736684069,"mt":1461736683939}},"app-system-defaults":{"loop@mozilla.org":{"d":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\browser\\features\\loop@mozilla.org.xpi","e":true,"v":"1.1.14","st":1460445867014}},"app-global":{"{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}":{"d":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\browser\\extensions\\{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}.xpi","e":true,"v":"45.0.2","st":1460445867030}},"winreg-app-global":{"k7srff_enUS@k7computing.com":{"d":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\K7 Computing\\K7TSecurity\\K7SR\\K7WebProtection.xpi","e":false,"v":"2.4","st":1451992580000}}}
1461736685579   addons.xpi  DEBUG   No changes found
1461736685584   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi
1461736685585   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi
1461736685600   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on loop@mozilla.org version 1.1.14
1461736685611   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Starting async load of XPI database C:\Users\MSTEMP\AppData\Local\Temp\anonymous6839848801827999862webdriver-profile\extensions.json
1461736685616   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: <unnamed-provider>
1461736685616   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for <unnamed-provider>
1461736685616   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: <unnamed-provider>
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager
1461736685628   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider
1461736685632   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider
1461736685632   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence
1461736685820   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Async JSON file read took 0 MS
1461736685820   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Finished async read of XPI database, parsing...
1461736685821   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Successfully read XPI database
*** Blocklist::_loadBlocklistFromFile: blocklist is disabled
1461736685912   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736685912   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736685912   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736706152   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method shutdown on loop@mozilla.org version 1.1.14
1461736706264   addons.manager  DEBUG   shutdown
1461736706264   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for <unnamed-provider>
1461736706265   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for XPIProvider
1461736706265   addons.xpi  DEBUG   shutdown
1461736706265   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   shutdown
1461736706265   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager
1461736706266   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for GMPProvider
1461736706267   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for PluginProvider
1461736706268   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736706270   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Notifying XPI shutdown observers
1461736706274   addons.manager  DEBUG   Async provider shutdown done

Build info: version: '2.42.0', revision: '5e824302019c86eae9c8c3ca9155e7307b410cf8', time: '2014-05-24 09:48:41'
System info: host: 'VenkateshBabuRM', ip: '10.0.0.7', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_91'
Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:130)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:246)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:115)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:191)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:186)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:182)
    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:95)
    at selenium.Sample.main(Sample.java:14)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:
S@k7computing.com in winreg-app-global
1461736685578   addons.xpi  DEBUG   getInstallState changed: false, state: {"app-profile":{"fxdriver@googlecode.com":{"d":"C:\\Users\\MSTEMP\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\anonymous6839848801827999862webdriver-profile\\extensions\\fxdriver@googlecode.com","e":false,"v":"2.42.0","st":1461736684069,"mt":1461736683939}},"app-system-defaults":{"loop@mozilla.org":{"d":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\browser\\features\\loop@mozilla.org.xpi","e":true,"v":"1.1.14","st":1460445867014}},"app-global":{"{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}":{"d":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\browser\\extensions\\{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}.xpi","e":true,"v":"45.0.2","st":1460445867030}},"winreg-app-global":{"k7srff_enUS@k7computing.com":{"d":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\K7 Computing\\K7TSecurity\\K7SR\\K7WebProtection.xpi","e":false,"v":"2.4","st":1451992580000}}}
1461736685579   addons.xpi  DEBUG   No changes found
1461736685584   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Registering manifest for C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi
1461736685585   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Loading bootstrap scope from C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\browser\features\loop@mozilla.org.xpi
1461736685600   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method startup on loop@mozilla.org version 1.1.14
1461736685611   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Starting async load of XPI database C:\Users\MSTEMP\AppData\Local\Temp\anonymous6839848801827999862webdriver-profile\extensions.json
1461736685616   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: <unnamed-provider>
1461736685616   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for <unnamed-provider>
1461736685616   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: <unnamed-provider>
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for XPIProvider
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: XPIProvider
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: LightweightThemeManager
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager
1461736685627   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: LightweightThemeManager
1461736685628   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: GMPProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for GMPProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: GMPProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PluginProvider
1461736685631   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PluginProvider
1461736685632   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PluginProvider
1461736685632   addons.manager  DEBUG   Completed startup sequence
1461736685820   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Async JSON file read took 0 MS
1461736685820   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Finished async read of XPI database, parsing...
1461736685821   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   Successfully read XPI database
*** Blocklist::_loadBlocklistFromFile: blocklist is disabled
1461736685912   addons.manager  DEBUG   Starting provider: PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736685912   addons.manager  DEBUG   Registering shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736685912   addons.manager  DEBUG   Provider finished startup: PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736706152   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Calling bootstrap method shutdown on loop@mozilla.org version 1.1.14
1461736706264   addons.manager  DEBUG   shutdown
1461736706264   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for <unnamed-provider>
1461736706265   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for XPIProvider
1461736706265   addons.xpi  DEBUG   shutdown
1461736706265   addons.xpi-utils    DEBUG   shutdown
1461736706265   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for LightweightThemeManager
1461736706266   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for GMPProvider
1461736706267   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for PluginProvider
1461736706268   addons.manager  DEBUG   Calling shutdown blocker for PreviousExperimentProvider
1461736706270   addons.xpi  DEBUG   Notifying XPI shutdown observers
1461736706274   addons.manager  DEBUG   Async provider shutdown done

    at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnection.java:118)
    ... 7 more

【问题讨论】：

您使用的是哪个浏览器版本和 selenium 版本。最新推荐的配置是使用 2.53.0 和 FF 45.x
使用我在 pom.xml 中更新的最新版本，我得到了以下异常。 java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.google.common.collect.Multimaps.transformValues(Lcom/google/common/collect/ListMultimap;Lcom/google/common/base/Function;)Lcom/google/common/collect/ ListMultimap;
@MrunalGosar 我目前安装的是 45.0.2 版本。我需要在代码中提及吗？

标签： java xml maven selenium selenium-firefoxdriver

【解决方案1】：

让我们一步一步来：
1.创建一个简单的maven项目，只需添加selenium-java最新库
2. 创建一个简单的 Java 类，其 main 方法只有一行调用 firefox 浏览器
3.尝试运行该
下一步：
1. 将最新的 testng 依赖添加到你的 maven pom 文件中。
2. 创建一个TestNG 类，将相同的代码从主类复制粘贴到测试类方法中。
3. 右键单击并说以 Testng 身份运行（如果您为 Eclipse 安装了 TestNG 插件）

【讨论】：

如何在没有testng的情况下通过pom.xml调用主类。到目前为止，在依赖项中，我添加了 selenium-java 和 maven-compiler-plugins。控制台输出：BUILD SUCCESS
aye..只需右键单击该类并运行它，看看它是否运行..还尝试打开一些公共 url..通过调用浏览器 instance.get("url")
在依赖项中，我删除了 maven-compiler-plugins 并使用 selenium-java 2.53.0 作为 Java 应用程序运行以打开 google 网站，它运行良好。当我将项目作为 maven test 运行时，浏览器本身没有打开，控制台中也没有异常。我收到了类似 BUILD SUCCESS 的消息
好的..所以现在很明显 selenium 和您的浏览器设置没有问题。请参阅解决方案中的下一步。
浏览器没有打开的原因是因为该项目显然没有测试

【解决方案2】：

尝试将您的 POM.xml 依赖项更新到最新版本：

Selenium to 2.53.0 
TestNG to 6.9.10
guava to 19.0

编辑：您也可以尝试将 maven-surefire-plugin 更新到 2.19.1

【讨论】：

我升级到最新版本，但出现以下异常。 java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.google.common.collect.Multimaps.transformValues(Lcom/google/common/collect/ListMultimap;Lcom/google/common/base/Function;)Lcom/google/common/collect/ ListMultimap;
我认为这是谷歌番石榴错误（我以前从未使用过）。尝试像以前一样运行测试，但使用旧版本的番石榴。他们可能已经放弃了对您错误中提到的方法的支持。
当我使用 Selenium 2.43.0 时出现控制台错误，当我使用 Selenium 2.53.0 时出现我在评论中提到的异常错误。看起来不是番石榴错误。有什么建议吗？
如果我在没有 maven 的情况下运行，它在 testng 或没有 testng 的情况下也能很好地工作。当它带有 maven 时，甚至没有创建新的 firefox 实例。
尝试查找重复的 .jar 文件。这里提到了非常相似的番石榴错误stackoverflow.com/questions/25088899/… 如果您使用的是 Eclipse，即使有重复的 jar，它也会自动理解并能够运行您的测试脚本。

【解决方案3】：

我最终遇到了同样的问题。下面是我如何解决的。

首先，在创建 maven 项目后检查 src/test/java 下的 Test 类。
其次，你应该保存你的 pom.xml 文件并更新你的 maven 项目如果您正在使用 Eclipse：右键单击您的项目 - 选择 Maven 并更新项目
之后，检查所有注解是否已导入：
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; import org.testng.annotations.Test;
然后，您可以测试您的 maven 项目。如果您正在使用 Eclipse：右键单击您的项目 - 选择运行方式并单击 Maven 测试。
因此，通过运行 TestNG 框架来测试 maven 项目是没有用的。

【讨论】：

无论你使用的是firefox，你都应该设置gecko驱动 System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","Path to the Firefox driver");或带有谷歌 Chrome 的 Chrome 驱动程序 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver,"Path to the Chrome Driver");