【发布时间】：2016-03-22 01:12:37
【问题描述】：
我在 Eclipse 中创建了一个非常简单的项目来运行一个非常简单的 JUnit 测试。在 Eclipse 中执行测试时，这些测试工作正常，但通过 maven 命令行运行时代码无法编译。
我用来运行 maven 的命令只是“maven test”。以下是maven输出：
MacBook-Pro:leonard-reference-test randy$ mvn test
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] Using the builder org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder with a thread count of 1
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building leonard-reference-test 0.0.1
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ leonard-reference-test ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.3:compile (default-compile) @ leonard-reference-test ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/randy/PSH/workspaces/playground/leonard-reference-test/target/classes
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] COMPILATION ERROR :
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] /Users/randy/PSH/workspaces/playground/leonard-reference-test/src/main/java/info/leonard/reference/test/ReferenceTestClient.java:[3,17] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] /Users/randy/PSH/workspaces/playground/leonard-reference-test/src/main/java/info/leonard/reference/test/ReferenceTestClient.java:[8,10] cannot find symbol
symbol: class Test
location: class info.leonard.reference.test.ReferenceTestClient
[INFO] 2 errors
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.043 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2015-12-15T19:10:49-07:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 11M/245M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.3:compile (default-compile) on project leonard-reference-test: Compilation failure: Compilation failure:
[ERROR] /Users/randy/PSH/workspaces/playground/leonard-reference-test/src/main/java/info/leonard/reference/test/ReferenceTestClient.java:[3,17] package org.junit does not exist
[ERROR] /Users/randy/PSH/workspaces/playground/leonard-reference-test/src/main/java/info/leonard/reference/test/ReferenceTestClient.java:[8,10] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol: class Test
[ERROR] location: class info.leonard.reference.test.ReferenceTestClient
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException
MacBook-Pro:leonard-reference-test randy$
为此的 pom.xml 如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>info.leonard.reference</groupId>
<artifactId>leonard-reference-test</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1</version>
<prerequisites>
<maven>3.0</maven>
</prerequisites>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.3</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.19</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
并且项目中唯一的Java文件如下：
package info.leonard.reference.test;
import org.junit.Test;
public class ReferenceTestClient
{
@Test
public void testOne()
{
System.out.println("simple test");
}
}
就是这样...项目中没有其他文件。 Maven 测试在 Eclipse 中成功运行，但代码甚至无法从 Maven 中编译。
感谢您提供有效的 pom.xml 文件，或对这个简单项目进行其他修改。
【问题讨论】：
-
检查 pom.xml 中的依赖是否有 junit 依赖。即使在 pom.xml 中不存在 junit，eclipse 也会将 junit 添加到类路径中，这是常见的错误。 Eclipse 之前可能会问你。
-
是的，pom.xml（上面列出的）确实包含 junit 4.12 版。
-
我认为可以是相对于测试文件的位置。 src/test/java下有吗？
-
可以在.m2文件夹中查看下载的junit jar吗？ jar 是否包含必需的类？用 junit jar 做简单的 javac 来编译你的测试用例。有时可能会损坏罐子。