【发布时间】：2019-03-26 23:35:17
【问题描述】：
在 Windows 10 上使用 IntelliJ IDEA 版本 2018.2.5（社区版），并根据 JUnit 团队的 JUnit 5 samples 学习如何将 JUnit 5 parameterized tests 与 Gradle 4.8 一起使用。
测试按预期运行 gradle 任务 test 但有时在运行单个测试时会得到
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:
org/junit/platform/launcher/TestExecutionListener
如何在仍使用 IntelliJ 2018.2.5（社区版）、带参数测试的 JUnit 5 和使用 Gradle 的同时修复此异常？
我一直在尝试为此寻找答案，但我遇到的大部分问题都是指出将 IntellJ 与 JUnit 5 一起使用的答案正在进行很多过渡，因此不确定该信任什么。
详情
我知道有比正常或超出正常更多的细节和屏幕截图，但是当您学习新知识并需要帮助并开始寻找信息时，您会厌倦看到遗漏一些重要细节的答案。因此，对于那些在同一条船上并需要看到缺失的细节的人，希望我已将其包含在此处。虽然这个问题可能不是您想要的，但此处的详细信息可能会对您有所帮助。
异常堆栈跟踪
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/platform/launcher/TestExecutionListener
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1016)
at java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:174)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.defineClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:802)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClassOnClassPathOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:700)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClassOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:623)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:581)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.createListeners(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:39)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:45)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.junit.platform.launcher.TestExecutionListener
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:583)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
... 13 more
软件版本
Microsoft Windows 版本 10.0.171314.345
IntelliJ IDEA 2018.2.5（社区版）
构建 #IC-182.4892.20，构建于 2018 年 10 月 16 日
JRE：1.8.0_152-release-1248-b19 amd64
JVM：JetBrains s.r.o 的 OpenJDK 64 位服务器 VM
项目 SDK：11（java 版本“11.0.1”）
IntelliJ 是为本示例安装的干净版本。
使用的特定 JUnit 示例：junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle
分级：4.8
build.gradle - 与演示中完全相同
plugins {
id 'java'
id 'eclipse' // optional (to generate Eclipse project files)
id 'idea' // optional (to generate IntelliJ IDEA project files)
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
testCompile('org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.3.1')
testCompile('org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params:5.3.1')
testRuntime('org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.3.1')
}
test {
useJUnitPlatform()
testLogging {
events "passed", "skipped", "failed"
}
}
wrapper {
gradleVersion = '4.8'
}
Gradle 跑步者：Platform Test Runner
用于构建项目的步骤
已下载junit5-samples
未压缩文件
在目录junit5-samples-r5.3.1 下将junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle 复制到C:\Users\Eric\IdeaProjects
在欢迎屏幕上使用 IntelliJ 导入项目 来加载项目。
为导入项目对话框选项采用默认选项，例如点击所有Import Project对话框页面的“下一步”或“完成”。
C:.
| .gitignore
| build-JITPACK.gradle
| build-SNAPSHOT.gradle
| build.gradle
| gradlew
| gradlew.bat
| README.md
|
+---.idea
| | misc.xml
| | modules.xml
| | workspace.xml
| |
| \---libraries
| gradle_wrapper.xml
|
+---gradle
| \---wrapper
| gradle-wrapper.jar
| gradle-wrapper.properties
|
\---src
+---main
| | main.iml
| |
| \---java
| \---com
| \---example
| \---project
| Calculator.java
|
\---test
| test.iml
|
\---java
\---com
\---example
\---project
CalculatorTests.java
当项目打开时收到关于Unlinked Gradle project的事件日志并点击Import Gradle project
C:.
| .gitignore
| build-JITPACK.gradle
| build-SNAPSHOT.gradle
| build.gradle
| gradlew
| gradlew.bat
| README.md
|
+---.gradle
| +---4.8
| | +---fileChanges
| | | last-build.bin
| | |
| | \---fileHashes
| | fileHashes.lock
| |
| \---vcsWorkingDirs
| gc.properties
|
+---.idea
| | compiler.xml
| | gradle.xml
| | misc.xml
| | modules.xml
| | workspace.xml
| |
| +---libraries
| | gradle_wrapper.xml
| | Gradle__org_apiguardian_apiguardian_api_1_0_0.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_jupiter_junit_jupiter_api_5_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_jupiter_junit_jupiter_engine_5_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_jupiter_junit_jupiter_params_5_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_platform_junit_platform_commons_1_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_platform_junit_platform_engine_1_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_opentest4j_opentest4j_1_1_1.xml
| |
| \---modules
| junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle.iml
| junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle_main.iml
| junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle_test.iml
|
+---gradle
| \---wrapper
| gradle-wrapper.jar
| gradle-wrapper.properties
|
\---src
+---main
| | main.iml
| |
| \---java
| \---com
| \---example
| \---project
| Calculator.java
|
\---test
| test.iml
|
\---java
\---com
\---example
\---project
CalculatorTests.java
使用 Gradle 任务构建项目：build
C:.
| .gitignore
| build-JITPACK.gradle
| build-SNAPSHOT.gradle
| build.gradle
| gradlew
| gradlew.bat
| README.md
|
+---.gradle
| +---4.8
| | +---fileChanges
| | | last-build.bin
| | |
| | +---fileContent
| | | annotation-processors.bin
| | | fileContent.lock
| | |
| | +---fileHashes
| | | fileHashes.bin
| | | fileHashes.lock
| | | resourceHashesCache.bin
| | |
| | \---taskHistory
| | taskHistory.bin
| | taskHistory.lock
| |
| +---buildOutputCleanup
| | buildOutputCleanup.lock
| | cache.properties
| | outputFiles.bin
| |
| \---vcsWorkingDirs
| gc.properties
|
+---.idea
| | compiler.xml
| | gradle.xml
| | misc.xml
| | modules.xml
| | workspace.xml
| |
| +---libraries
| | gradle_wrapper.xml
| | Gradle__org_apiguardian_apiguardian_api_1_0_0.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_jupiter_junit_jupiter_api_5_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_jupiter_junit_jupiter_engine_5_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_jupiter_junit_jupiter_params_5_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_platform_junit_platform_commons_1_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_junit_platform_junit_platform_engine_1_3_1.xml
| | Gradle__org_opentest4j_opentest4j_1_1_1.xml
| |
| \---modules
| junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle.iml
| junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle_main.iml
| junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle_test.iml
|
+---build
| +---classes
| | \---java
| | +---main
| | | \---com
| | | \---example
| | | \---project
| | | Calculator.class
| | |
| | \---test
| | \---com
| | \---example
| | \---project
| | CalculatorTests.class
| |
| +---libs
| | junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle.jar
| |
| +---reports
| | \---tests
| | \---test
| | | index.html
| | |
| | +---classes
| | | com.example.project.CalculatorTests.html
| | |
| | +---css
| | | base-style.css
| | | style.css
| | |
| | +---js
| | | report.js
| | |
| | \---packages
| | com.example.project.html
| |
| +---test-results
| | \---test
| | | TEST-com.example.project.CalculatorTests.xml
| | |
| | \---binary
| | output.bin
| | output.bin.idx
| | results.bin
| |
| \---tmp
| +---compileJava
| +---compileTestJava
| \---jar
| MANIFEST.MF
|
+---gradle
| \---wrapper
| gradle-wrapper.jar
| gradle-wrapper.properties
|
\---src
+---main
| | main.iml
| |
| \---java
| \---com
| \---example
| \---project
| Calculator.java
|
\---test
| test.iml
|
\---java
\---com
\---example
\---project
CalculatorTests.java
Gradle 缓存的文件
C:\Users\Eric\.gradle\caches>tree modules-2 /A /F
C:\USERS\ERIC\.GRADLE\CACHES\MODULES-2
| modules-2.lock
|
+---files-2.1
| +---org.apiguardian
| | \---apiguardian-api
| | \---1.0.0
| | +---2c4e5835b7580f2696be7ee1402f4309b3665cf4
| | | apiguardian-api-1.0.0.pom
| | |
| | +---3ef5276905e36f4d8055fe3cb0bdcc7503ffc85d
| | | apiguardian-api-1.0.0.jar
| | |
| | \---777508fa9f3e03cafb3c1fb2eba3dca317f4b1ee
| | apiguardian-api-1.0.0-sources.jar
| |
| +---org.junit.jupiter
| | +---junit-jupiter-api
| | | \---5.3.1
| | | +---39e68334cdee95898567f54d7358a6926262dde6
| | | | junit-jupiter-api-5.3.1.pom
| | | |
| | | +---a7e97eac2784395cb991403f9641b042ad972941
| | | | junit-jupiter-api-5.3.1.jar
| | | |
| | | \---b03f607c0822a283c972e37eaeacb00dc3a3c2e7
| | | junit-jupiter-api-5.3.1-sources.jar
| | |
| | +---junit-jupiter-engine
| | | \---5.3.1
| | | +---c769957170b2240854d6da6c6706dcc2a281542f
| | | | junit-jupiter-engine-5.3.1-sources.jar
| | | |
| | | +---e0b10da40cae904d69b805021bc1f5d64994aa93
| | | | junit-jupiter-engine-5.3.1.pom
| | | |
| | | \---e2676b1786c57a80eb98f5bebd51a3d05e228c40
| | | junit-jupiter-engine-5.3.1.jar
| | |
| | \---junit-jupiter-params
| | \---5.3.1
| | +---9dfac3fbd6768974fc0c142304a3e90ba713b2a8
| | | junit-jupiter-params-5.3.1.jar
| | |
| | +---bc4eb2ef307286fcd45551d4da397518c2e15394
| | | junit-jupiter-params-5.3.1-sources.jar
| | |
| | \---cf0c573f1a0446afb8d544a5fd53dae4bb433b79
| | junit-jupiter-params-5.3.1.pom
| |
| +---org.junit.platform
| | +---junit-platform-commons
| | | \---1.3.1
| | | +---297bb35bca3d229c5e6edbffd22de7b5ad4cf430
| | | | junit-platform-commons-1.3.1-sources.jar
| | | |
| | | +---67b7edddfac1935e6e6d9b58d7c7df6db59b1d39
| | | | junit-platform-commons-1.3.1.jar
| | | |
| | | \---c47714600308339d4b5e203974ebd2ce50eb2109
| | | junit-platform-commons-1.3.1.pom
| | |
| | \---junit-platform-engine
| | \---1.3.1
| | +---3ee68a06bbdab157dd260e2095c356481d6cd172
| | | junit-platform-engine-1.3.1.jar
| | |
| | +---db2bf7e793fec08aed5c588eb495595e4acc9fc7
| | | junit-platform-engine-1.3.1.pom
| | |
| | \---effe038ffcf21f6988e78b12119ca456d7d144fd
| | junit-platform-engine-1.3.1-sources.jar
| |
| \---org.opentest4j
| \---opentest4j
| \---1.1.1
| +---6554a839d3c3f1c77c593498a3ae4b692878946a
| | opentest4j-1.1.1.pom
| |
| +---88a3a2cb15c413565462cea99f201b67bc6d2f10
| | opentest4j-1.1.1-sources.jar
| |
| \---efd9f971e91074491ea55b19f67b13470cf4fcdd
| opentest4j-1.1.1.jar
|
\---metadata-2.58
| module-artifact.bin
| module-artifacts.bin
| module-metadata.bin
| resource-at-url.bin
|
\---descriptors
+---org.apiguardian
| \---apiguardian-api
| \---1.0.0
| \---f8e6315c37eb56998f7a5ba08e30db71
| descriptor.bin
|
+---org.junit.jupiter
| +---junit-jupiter-api
| | \---5.3.1
| | \---f8e6315c37eb56998f7a5ba08e30db71
| | descriptor.bin
| |
| +---junit-jupiter-engine
| | \---5.3.1
| | \---f8e6315c37eb56998f7a5ba08e30db71
| | descriptor.bin
| |
| \---junit-jupiter-params
| \---5.3.1
| \---f8e6315c37eb56998f7a5ba08e30db71
| descriptor.bin
|
+---org.junit.platform
| +---junit-platform-commons
| | \---1.3.1
| | \---f8e6315c37eb56998f7a5ba08e30db71
| | descriptor.bin
| |
| \---junit-platform-engine
| \---1.3.1
| \---f8e6315c37eb56998f7a5ba08e30db71
| descriptor.bin
|
\---org.opentest4j
\---opentest4j
\---1.1.1
\---f8e6315c37eb56998f7a5ba08e30db71
descriptor.bin
右侧关闭面板
使用左侧的Project 面板
展开目录以显示 test/java/com.example.project/CalculatorTests.java
双击CalculatorTests.java
要修复第一个错误，请将光标放在第 13 行的 Assertions 上，然后按 ALT+Enter
点击第一个选项
Add library 'Gradle: org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.3.1' to classpath
要修复第二个错误，请将光标放在第 17 行的 ParameterizedTest 上，然后按 ALT+Enter
点击第一个选项
Add library 'Gradle: org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params:5.3.1' to classpath
要修复第三个错误，请将光标放在第 26 行的 Calculator 上，然后按 ALT+Enter
点击第一个选项
Add dependency on module 'main'
然后在 Gradle 选项卡下运行 verification -> test 成功返回预期结果
Testing started at 2:56 PM ...
2:56:07 PM: Executing task 'test'...
> Task :compileJava
> Task :processResources NO-SOURCE
> Task :classes
> Task :compileTestJava
> Task :processTestResources NO-SOURCE
> Task :testClasses
> Task :test
com.example.project.CalculatorTests > addsTwoNumbers() PASSED
com.example.project.CalculatorTests > add(int, int, int)[1] PASSED
com.example.project.CalculatorTests > add(int, int, int)[2] PASSED
com.example.project.CalculatorTests > add(int, int, int)[3] PASSED
com.example.project.CalculatorTests > add(int, int, int)[4] PASSED
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 6s
3 actionable tasks: 3 executed
2:56:13 PM: Task execution finished 'test'.
然后在 CalculatorTest.java 中运行单个测试时，通过单击左边距的绿色箭头并选择收到的Run 'addsTowNumbers()'：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:
org/junit/platform/launcher/TestExecutionListener
编辑
现在个人测试工作
昨天我保存了项目，然后加载了Maven sample，但也失败了。当我今天醒来时，我决定对 Gradle 示例进行更多修改。当我单击左边距中的箭头进行单个测试时，这次它起作用了。目前我能想到它现在工作的唯一原因是在运行 Maven 示例时发生了一些变化，或者在关闭并重新打开项目时发生了一些变化。
CalculatorTest.java
/*
* Copyright 2015-2018 the original author or authors.
*
* All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials are
* made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v2.0 which
* accompanies this distribution and is available at
*
* http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v20.html
*/
package com.example.project;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
class CalculatorTests {
@Test
@DisplayName("1 + 1 = 2")
void addsTwoNumbers() {
Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
assertEquals(2, calculator.add(1, 1), "1 + 1 should equal 2");
}
@ParameterizedTest(name = "{0} + {1} = {2}")
@CsvSource({
"0, 1, 1",
"1, 2, 3",
"49, 51, 100",
"1, 100, 101"
})
void add(int first, int second, int expectedResult) {
Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
assertEquals(expectedResult, calculator.add(first, second),
() -> first + " + " + second + " should equal " + expectedResult);
}
}
第 20 行运行测试结果：class CalculatorTests {
第 24 行运行测试结果：void addsTwoNumbers() {
第 36 行运行测试结果：void add(int first, int second, int expectedResult) {
Gradle 任务运行结果：test
选择的测试很重要
为CalculatorTests 创建了两个Run/Debug Configurations
-
CalculatorTests具有Use classpath of module:和test并引发异常。 -
CalculatorTests (1)具有Use classpath of module:和junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle_test并成功完成。
【问题讨论】：
-
根据youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/IDEA-188678，是JUnit本身的问题，不是IntelliJ IDEA的问题。
-
@CrazyCoder 谢谢。现在阅读。
-
感兴趣的：Unable to execute single parameterized JUnit test - 问题 IDEA-184683
标签： java gradle intellij-idea junit5