如何解决“不推荐使用构造函数 ChromeDriver(Capabilities)”和 WebDriverException：ChromeDriver 和 Chrome 超时错误答案

【问题标题】：How to address "The constructor ChromeDriver(Capabilities) is deprecated" and WebDriverException: Timed out error with ChromeDriver and Chrome如何解决“不推荐使用构造函数 ChromeDriver(Capabilities)”和 WebDriverException：ChromeDriver 和 Chrome 超时错误
【发布时间】：2018-11-23 06:43:35
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试如下配置默认下载目录，它可以正常工作，但我遇到了两个问题：

    String exePath = "src\\Drivers\\chromedriver.exe";
    System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", exePath);
    String downloadFilepath = "U:\\Data\\Download";
    HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
    chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
    DesiredCapabilities cap = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
    cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);
    cap.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
    driver = new ChromeDriver(cap);
    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

它告诉我 构造函数 ChromeDriver(Capabilities) 是已弃用

当我多次重播测试时，它恰好有一个 Webdrive TimeOut 异常

juin 13, 2018 5:23:27 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities chrome
INFO: Using `new ChromeOptions()` is preferred to `DesiredCapabilities.chrome()`
FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeMethod beforeMethod
org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Timed out waiting for driver server to start.
Build info: version: '3.11.0', revision: 'e59cfb3', time: '2018-03-11T20:26:55.152Z'
System info: host: 'PB02-VD037', ip: '10.143.73.85', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_171'
Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver

【问题讨论】：

你的chrome版本和chromedriver版本是多少？
Chrome：版本 66.0.3359.117（官方构建）（64 位）Chromedriver：2.37

标签： selenium selenium-webdriver selenium-chromedriver chrome-options mutablecapabilities

【解决方案1】：

看来你快到了。您需要使用 MutableCapabilities 类中的方法 merge() 将 DesiredCapabilities 类型的对象合并到 ChromeOptions 类型的对象中并启动 WebDriver和 WebClient 实例通过传递 ChromeOptions 对象如下：

String exePath = "src\\Drivers\\chromedriver.exe";
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", exePath);
String downloadFilepath = "U:\\Data\\Download";
HashMap<String, Object> chromePrefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
chromePrefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.popups", 0);
chromePrefs.put("download.default_directory", downloadFilepath);
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", chromePrefs);
DesiredCapabilities cap = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
cap.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);
cap.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
options.merge(cap);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

【讨论】：