使用 WebDriver 找不到带有 CSS 选择器的 WebElement

Question

在单击前一个 html 元素后，我正在尝试访问 website 上的 WebElement。当您加载网站时，您会看到一个对象网格（对于这个问题的上下文，我们称它们为卡片）。如果您在单击任何内容之前检查页面，您会看到在body > div.view > section.list.gi div 下，有多个属于item.card 类的div。正如您在下面的代码中看到的，我使用firstCard 选择器获得了属于该类的第一个卡片对象。然后我调用.click() 方法来模拟点击并等待几秒钟。在那之后，我遇到了麻烦。我想访问位于"body > div.overlay > div#cards"+base + " > div.one.card" div 标签内的所选卡片的base 属性。经过一番搜索，我发现div.overlay中每个卡片对象的id（在网站首次加载时用户点击卡片之后）是字符串cards+您看到的base字符串更多。现在base 字符串是每个卡片对象的属性（在首次加载网站时单击它之前），所以我检索该值并将其存储在String base 字段中。因此，当我尝试使用dataSelector 字段在开头单击其图标后尝试访问第一张卡的“基础”属性时，我收到一个错误，即该元素不存在，但dataSelector 的值为body > div.overlay > div#cards1018031 > div.one.card 对我来说看起来不错。关于为什么找不到元素的任何想法？

myClass.java:

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        String url = "https://dbz.space/cards/"; // The website to read data from

        DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
        caps.setJavascriptEnabled(true);
        caps.setCapability(PhantomJSDriverService.PHANTOMJS_EXECUTABLE_PATH_PROPERTY,"C:/Users/Steli/OneDrive/Documents/PhantomJS/phantomjs-2.1.1-windows/bin/phantomjs.exe");

        WebDriver driver = new PhantomJSDriver(caps);
        driver.get(url); // Connect to the url
        //WebElement button = driver.findElement(new By.ByCssSelector("body > div.view > section.more > div.content > div.btn.mat")); // Get the Show more Button element

        String firstCard = "body > div.view > section.list.gi > div.item.card";
        WebElement card = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(firstCard));
        String base = card.getAttribute("base");

        if(isClickable(card,driver)) {
            card.click();
            Thread.sleep(5000);
            String dataSelector = "body > div.overlay > div#cards"+base + " > div.one.card";// + " > div.one.card > div.common > div.stats > div > div.stat";
            System.out.println(dataSelector);
            WebElement data = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(dataSelector));
            System.out.println(data.getAttribute("base"));
        }

    }

P.S：isClickable()方法实现如下：

private static boolean isClickable(WebElement el, WebDriver driver) {
        try{
            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 6);
            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(el));
            //System.out.println("clickable!");
            return true;
        }
        catch (Exception e){
            return false;
        }
    }

Answer 1

我刚刚复制了您的代码并粘贴到那里以检查 chrome 驱动程序及其工作正常。但是，您可以使用显式等待代替睡眠。 WebDriverWait

 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub

            System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\Software\\chromedriver.exe");
            WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.get("https://dbz.space/cards/"); 
            String firstCard = "body > div.view > section.list.gi > div.item.card";
            WebElement card = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(firstCard));
            String base = card.getAttribute("base");
            card.click();
            Thread.sleep(5000);
            String dataSelector = "body > div.overlay > div#cards"+base + " > div.one.card";// + " > div.one.card > div.common > div.stats > div > div.stat";
            System.out.println(dataSelector);
            WebElement data = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(dataSelector));
            System.out.println(data.getAttribute("base"));

}

在我的控制台上输出：

---

使用 WebDriverWait 代替睡眠。

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\Software\\chromedriver.exe");
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://dbz.space/cards/"); 
        String firstCard = "body > div.view > section.list.gi > div.item.card";
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20); 
        WebElement card=wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector(firstCard)));
        String base = card.getAttribute("base");
        card.click();

        String dataSelector = "body > div.overlay > div#cards"+base + " > div.one.card";
        System.out.println(dataSelector);
        WebElement data =wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(dataSelector)));
        System.out.println(data.getAttribute("base"));
}