Ubuntu 16.04 的 Java 11 安装问题

Question

我已经尝试了所有方法，但不知何故我无法安装 java 11。 显示我以前的 java 版本

我做了以下步骤：

第 1 步：我已安装：来自 Oracle 网站的 jdk-11.0.8_linux-x64_bin.deb 文件。

第 2 步： 运行此命令：sudo dpkg -i jdk-11.0.8_linux-x64_bin.deb

第 3 步： sudo get update

第 4 步： 运行此命令 sudo vim /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh

第 5 步： 在空文件夹中添加这一行：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

并保存此文件。比我用ls 签入usr/lib/jvm 路径 我明白了：

default-java@  java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64@  java-8-openjdk-amd64/  jdk-11.0.8/

比我输入这个命令：

source /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh

我得到这些输出：

    set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/home/duygu/bin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /home/duygu/bin'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/home/duygu/.local/bin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /home/duygu/.local/bin'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/usr/local/sbin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /usr/local/sbin'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/usr/local/bin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /usr/local/bin'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/usr/sbin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /usr/sbin'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/usr/bin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /usr/bin'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/sbin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /sbin'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/bin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /bin'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/usr/games may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /usr/games'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/usr/local/games may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /usr/local/games'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/snap/bin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /snap/bin'?
set: Warning: path component /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8/bin:/usr/local/jdk-11.0.2/bin may not be valid in PATH.
set: No such file or directory
set: Did you mean 'set PATH $PATH /usr/local/jdk-11.0.2/bin'?

当我检查 java -version 我得到：openjdk version "1.8.0_265"

然后输入这个命令：update-java-alternatives --list我得到：

java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64       1081       /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64

我尝试了 sudo reboot 并再次尝试，但我没有安装 java 11 。我该如何安装？我的错在哪里？

已编辑：

我已经尝试过以下几行：

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linuxuprising/java

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk

我收到这样的错误：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Package openjdk-11-jdk is a virtual package provided by:
  oracle-java15-installer 15-1~linuxuprising3
  oracle-java14-installer 14.0.2-1~linuxuprising1
  oracle-java11-installer-local 11.0.8-1~linuxuprising0
You should explicitly select one to install.

E: Package 'openjdk-11-jdk' has no installation candidate

Answer 1

你大概可以通过以下命令安装java 11

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linuxuprising/java

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk

您可以参考这个link 了解如何在 ubuntu 上安装 openjdk 11。

然后就可以运行了

update-alternatives --config java

更新java版本。您可以参考此link 了解如何更新 java 替代品。

Answer 2

安装后执行此操作，

sudo nano /etc/environment
JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.8"

请注意，/bin 不包括在内。保存并退出。那么，

source /etc/environment

顺便说一句，为什么要使正常安装复杂化？