Spring JUnit 没有从 XML 加载整个 applicationContext

Question

我在 spring 中创建了一个 JUnit 测试，其中包含下一个代码：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {
     "classpath:*/WEB-INF/demo-servlet.xml"})
public class CrudTestJUnit extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests  {

    @Autowired 
    protected ShoppingCartDao shoppingCartDao; 

    @Autowired
    private ApplicationContext context;

    @Before
    public void setUp(){

    }

    @Test
    public void testSomething() {
        System.out.println("Evo beanvoa:" + Arrays.toString(context.getBeanDefinitionNames()));
        Assert.assertTrue(false);
    }
}

在 demo-servlet.xml 我定义了 bean：

  <bean id="shoppingCartDao" class="com.it355.hibernatecrud.dao.impl.ShoppingCartDaoImpl"></bean>

当我运行 JUnit 测试时，我得到了这个错误：

Error creating bean with name 'CrudTestJUnit': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: protected com.it355.hibernatecrud.dao.ShoppingCartDao CrudTestJUnit.shoppingCartDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.it355.hibernatecrud.dao.ShoppingCartDao] found for dependency:

当我删除购物车时，我从 getBeanDefinitionNames() 中得到这个：

    Evo beanvoa:[org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor, 
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor, 
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor, 
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor, 
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor, 
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor, 
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory, 
org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.importAwareProcessor, org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.enhancedConfigurationProcessor]

这是我的完整 demo-servlet.xml 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
                   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--Kako bi Hibernate mogao da se poveže na bazu podataka potrebno je kreirati sesiju. To radimo u sledećem
    zrnu-->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" >
            <!--Dodavanje path-a na kome se nalaze podešavanja za Hibernate -->
            <value>classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
        </property>
        <!-- Dodavanje path-a paketa u kome se nalaze entity fajlovi na osnovu kojih
        će Hibernate kreirati bazu i upisivati u nju-->
        <property name="packagesToScan">
            <list>
                <value>com.it355.hibernatecrud.entity</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!--Transakcija se dešava između baze i programa korišćenjem Transaction Managera koji definišemo ovde
    On koristi sesiju koju smo definisali iznad    -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="transactionManager"  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="shoppingCartDao" class="com.it355.hibernatecrud.dao.impl.ShoppingCartDaoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor"
          class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor"/>

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.it355.hibernatecrud" />
    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService" />
    <tx:annotation-driven />

    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/WEB-INF/css/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/WEB-INF/" />
    <bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <property name="converters">
            <set>
                <bean class="com.it355.hibernatecrud.converter.IntegerToCategory" />
            </set>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

调用配置文件或其他东西我错了吗？有没有人有同样的问题。

此外，在我的配置文件中，我配置了组件扫描，我的应用程序可以正常工作并加载 bean，但 JUnit 出现问题。

Answer 1

您的 XML 配置文件似乎找不到或无法正确加载，因此您无法正确进行注入。

我建议只使用类路径，如果您的 XML 配置文件在您的 CLASSPATH 中，则无需提及 WEB-INF 等。像这样：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:demo-servlet.xml")
public class CrudTestJUnit extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests  {
}

Answer 2

最后我发现必须像这样加载来自WEB-INF的配置：

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/demo-servlet.xml"})