在 Java 中将 XML 读取为字符串

Question

有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗？我想知道如何把这个例子读成字符串？我知道如何阅读第一个，但不知道如何阅读所有内容

<Tr rn=\"000000000000000\" vr=\"T\" sSpre=\"S\" reg=\"P\" dSpre=\"2000-01-01\" dOdprt=\"2000-01-01\" iban=\"SI00\" eno=\"R\" vir=\"B\" maticnaPps=\"0000000000\"><Imetnik davcna=\"00000000\" matSub=\"0000000000\" drz=\"705\"><PopolnoIme>UNKNOWN</PopolnoIme><KratkoIme>UNKNOWN</KratkoIme><Naslov sifTipNaslova=\"00\" sifObcina=\"000\" sifPosta=\"0000\" sifUlica=\"0000\" sifNaselje=\"000\" stHisna=\"000\" sifHsmid=\"00000000\"><Obcina>UNKNOWN</Obcina><Posta>UNKNOWN</Posta><Ulica>UNKNOWN</Ulica><Naselje>UNKNOWN</Naselje></Naslov></Imetnik></Tr>

Answer 1

也许这就是您要找的东西？此处示例：http://ideone.com/N4jIO

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;


public class Main {

    public static void main(String... args) throws IOException, SAXException, ParserConfigurationException {

        String xml = "<Tr rn=\"000000000000000\" vr=\"T\" sSpre=\"S\" reg=\"P\" dSpre=\"2000-01-01\" dOdprt=\"2000-01-01\" iban=\"SI00\" eno=\"R\" vir=\"B\" maticnaPps=\"0000000000\"><Imetnik davcna=\"00000000\" matSub=\"0000000000\" drz=\"705\"><PopolnoIme>UNKNOWN</PopolnoIme><KratkoIme>UNKNOWN</KratkoIme><Naslov sifTipNaslova=\"00\" sifObcina=\"000\" sifPosta=\"0000\" sifUlica=\"0000\" sifNaselje=\"000\" stHisna=\"000\" sifHsmid=\"00000000\"><Obcina>UNKNOWN</Obcina><Posta>UNKNOWN</Posta><Ulica>UNKNOWN</Ulica><Naselje>UNKNOWN</Naselje></Naslov></Imetnik></Tr>";

        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
        Document doc = db.parse(new ByteArrayInputStream(xml.getBytes("UTF-8")));

        print(doc.getDocumentElement(), "");
    }

    private static void print(Node e, String tab) {

        if (e.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE) {
            System.out.println(tab + e.getNodeValue());
            return;
        }


        System.out.print(tab + e.getNodeName());

        NamedNodeMap as = e.getAttributes();
        if (as != null && as.getLength() > 0) {
            System.out.print(" attributes=[");
            for (int i = 0; i < as.getLength(); i++) 
                System.out.print((i == 0 ? "" : ", ") + as.item(i));
            System.out.print("]");
        }
        System.out.println();

        if (e.getNodeValue() != null)
            System.out.println(tab + " " + e.getNodeValue());

        NodeList childs = e.getChildNodes();
        for (int i = 0; i < childs.getLength(); i++)
            print(childs.item(i), tab + " ");
    }
}

Answer 2

如果您的目标是从 String 对象加载/解析 XML 文档，您只需要使用通常的 XML 文档加载代码，但要使用 StringReader 来提供您的输入流。 （或者一个 ByteArrayInputStream，或者任何东西，只要你建立一个转换链，让你作为 InputStream 访问你的数据）。

下面是一个示例（未经测试且没有异常处理。抱歉，我目前没有测试环境）：

  final DocumentBuilderFactory f  = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
  final DocumentBuilder        db = f.newDocumentBuilder();
  final InputSource            is = new InputSource();

  is.setCharacterStream(new StringReader(YOURSTRING));
  final Document               doc = db.parse(is);

  doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
  /*
   * do whatever you want/need here.
   */

如果这不是你想要的，抱歉，我不太确定你在这里问什么。

Answer 3

使用 xerces 可能更容易理解：

public static void loadImetniks(String filePath) {

        File xmlFile;

        SAXBuilder builder;

        Element root, child;

        Imetnik imet;//another class that you have to create to help you for parsing

        Document doc;

        try {

            xmlFile = new File(filePath);

            builder = new SAXBuilder();  // parameters control validation, etc

            doc = builder.build(xmlFile);



            root = doc.getRootElement(); // Tr could be the root but I am not sure if you will have more Tr nodes in the same file?? 

            tr.setRn(root.getAttributeValue(Constants.RN));//define the constants string in another file
            tr.setVr(root.getAttributeValue(Constants.VR));
            tr.setSspre(root.getAttributeValue(Constants.SSPRE));
            tr.setReg(root.getAttributeValue(Constants.REG));
            tr.setIban(root.getAttributeValue(Constants.IBAN));
        .... //repeat for every attribute
        ....



            List children = root.getChildren(); // depends of how many Imetnik you will have

            for (Iterator iter = children.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {

                child = (Element) iter.next();

                imet = new Imetnik();

                imet.loadXML(child); // you have to define the loadXML function in your object Imetnik which should extract the attributes and internal nodes

                //imets.add(contest); // just use in the case that you will have to extract more than one Imetnik node

            }



        } catch (Exception e) {

            log.error("Error al hacer el parsing del contests.xml!");

            log.error(e.getMessage());

        }

    }

例如，您的 Imetnik 类应包含：

   public void loadXML(Element root) {

        Element child;

    //Naslov naslov;  // for Naslov because it could be an object itself


        davcna = root.getAttributeValue(Constants.DAVCNA); //define the string constant
        matSub = root.getAttributeValue(Constants.MATSUB); //define the string constant
        drz = Integer.parseInt(root.getAttributeValue(Constants.DRZ)); //define the string constant



        List children = root.getChildren(); // your root is Imetnik now

        for (Iterator iter = children.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
          .....
          .......
       }
}

Answer 4

在 Java 中解析 XML 文件的最佳解决方案是使用专用库，例如​​：

1. Xerces
2. Sax