我们目前正在使用 dom4j 创建 XML 文件。但是，我猜现在有更好的东西。如果我们是 Java 1.6 或更高版本，那么在写出 XML 文件时最好使用什么（运行时最快、使用简单）类。
我不需要构建一个 DOM，然后编写整个 DOM。我只需要在将元素/属性传递给类时写出它们的东西。
谢谢 - 戴夫
【问题讨论】：
如果您只想编写一个可以精确控制元素、属性和其他文档组件创建的 XML 文档，您可以使用 StAX API 中的XMLStreamWriter。
【讨论】：
net.sf.saxon.s9api.Serializer 类提供对序列化选项的详细控制，以及提供 XMLStreamWriter API 的 getXMLStreamWriter() 方法。
我的 2 美分转到 java-xmlbuilder。仅用于建筑。它比JAXP 简单得多。
【讨论】：
我猜你知道 StAX 和 SAX 框架。
只是提到它们，以防你没有考虑过它们。
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/jaxp/stax/example.html#bnbgx
http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/1.4/tutorial/doc/JAXPXSLT5.html
【讨论】：
希望以下代码对您有所帮助
//example, BETTER THAN USE STRING_BUILDER, this class auto escape data
//this is usage example for simple xhtml
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
XMLWriter docWriter =
XMLWriter.create("html", html->{
html.children(new String[]{"head","title"}, title->title.childText("My TITLE"));
html.child("body", body->{
body.attr("bgcolor", "red");
body.child("div", div->{
Map<String, String> userMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
userMap.put("roll-no", "1");
userMap.put("name", "Dharm");
div.child(userMap);
});
body.child("div", div->{
Map<String, String> userMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
userMap.put("roll-no", "2");
userMap.put("name", "Pruthvi & Rajan"); //see here '&'
div.child(userMap);
});
});
});
//call docWriter.write() method depends on requirement
//example 1:directly generate html string
System.out.println(docWriter.toXMLString());
/*
//example 2:write html string into stream
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
docWriter.write(out);
System.out.println(out.toString());
*/
/*
//example 3:write html string into file
java.io.File file = java.io.File.createTempFile("Test", ".html");
docWriter.write(file);
java.awt.Desktop.getDesktop().open(file);
*/
}
我已经为通过代码创建动态 xml 创建了我的自定义类
package test.util.doc;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Result;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.Text;
/** XML/HTML document writer class<br/>
* Internally uses w3c DOM <br/>
* @see Document
* @author Dharmendrasinh Chudasama
*/
public class XMLWriter {
/**
* @param rootElementTagName
* @param elementFillerConsume
* @return instance of xml-writer
* @author Dharmendrasinh Chudasama
* @throws ParserConfigurationException
*/
public static XMLWriter create(String rootElementTagName, Consumer<ElementWrapper> elementFillerConsume) throws ParserConfigurationException {
return new XMLWriter(rootElementTagName, elementFillerConsume);
}
private Document doc;
public XMLWriter(String rootElementTagName, Consumer<ElementWrapper> elementFillerConsume) throws ParserConfigurationException {
doc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument();
// doc.setXmlStandalone(true);
ElementWrapper wrapper = ElementWrapper.createChildWrapper(doc, doc, rootElementTagName);
//fill
elementFillerConsume.accept(wrapper);
}
public String toXMLString() throws TransformerException {
/* StringBuilderWriter writer = new StringBuilderWriter();
writer.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>").append(System.lineSeparator());
write(writer);
return writer.toString().replace("/>", " />");*/
//OR
/* StringBuilderWriter writer = new StringBuilderWriter();
write(writer);
return writer.toString();*/
//OR
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(700);
write(out);
return out.toString();
}
public void write(File out) throws TransformerException {
write(new StreamResult(out));
}
public void write(OutputStream out) throws TransformerException {
write(new StreamResult(out));
}
public void write(Writer out) throws TransformerException {
write(new StreamResult(out));
}
private void write(Result result) throws TransformerException {
//export
Transformer transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD,"xml");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.VERSION, "1.0");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING,"UTF-8");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");//in multi lines, def="no"
// transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "yes");//remove<?xml ..?> tag, def="no"
// transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.STANDALONE,"no");
// transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.MEDIA_TYPE,"text/xml");
// transformer.setOutputProperty("xalan:indent-amount", "0"); //def="0"
// transformer.setOutputProperty("xalan:content-handler", "org.apache.xml.serializer.ToXMLStream");
// transformer.setOutputProperty("xalan:entities", "org/apache/xml/serializer/XMLEntities");
transformer.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", "3");//prefix spaces before tags, def="0"
transformer.transform(new DOMSource(doc), result);
}
/**
* @author Dharmendrasinh Chudasama
*/
public static class ElementWrapper {
private Element element;
private ElementWrapper(Element element) {
this.element = element;
}
public Element getElement() {
return element;
}
public Document getDoc() {
return getElement().getOwnerDocument();
}
private static Element createChildElement(final Document doc, final Node parent, final String childTagName){
Element child = doc.createElement(childTagName);
parent.appendChild(child);
return child;
}
private static ElementWrapper createChildWrapper(final Document doc, final Node parent, final String childTagName){
Element child = createChildElement(doc, parent, childTagName);
return new ElementWrapper(child);
}
/**create and append child tag to current element
* @return created child tag
*/
public Element createChildElement(String tagName){
return createChildElement(getDoc(), getElement(), tagName);
}
public ElementWrapper createChildWrapper(final String childTagName){
return createChildWrapper(getDoc(), getElement(), childTagName);
}
public void childText(String textContent){
if(textContent != null && !textContent.isEmpty()){
Text textNode = getDoc().createTextNode(textContent);
getElement().appendChild(textNode);
}
}
/* public ElementWrapper child(String tagName){
return new ElementWrapper(getDoc(), createChild(tagName));
}
*/
/** append tag with string content */
public void child(String tagName, String textContent){
createChildWrapper(tagName).childText(textContent);
}
/**
* @param parent
* @param tagName
* @return child element
*/
/* public Element child(Element parent, String tagName){
final Document doc = parent.getOwnerDocument();
Element element = doc.createElement(tagName);
parent.appendChild(element);
return element;
}*/
public void child(String tagName, Consumer<ElementWrapper> elementConsumer){
elementConsumer.accept(createChildWrapper(tagName));
}
/** @param dataMap {tagName, contentText}
* @see #child(String, String)
*/
public void child(Map<String,String> dataMap){
dataMap.forEach((tagName,contentText)->child(tagName, contentText));
}
public void children(String[] childLoopTree, Consumer<ElementWrapper> lastChildConsumer){
final Document doc = getDoc();
Element element = getElement();
for (String tagName : childLoopTree) {
element = createChildElement(doc, element, tagName);
}
lastChildConsumer.accept(new ElementWrapper(element));
}
/** Add / replace attribute */
public void attr(String attrName, String value){
getElement().setAttribute(attrName, value);
}
public void attr(Map<String,String> dataMap){
dataMap.forEach((attrName,value)->attr(attrName, value));
}
}
/*
//example
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
XMLWriter.create("html", html->{
html.childs(new String[]{"head","title"}, title->title.childText("My TITLE"));
html.child("body", body->{
body.attr("bgcolor", "red");
body.child("div", div->{
Map<String, String> userMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
userMap.put("roll-no", "1");
userMap.put("name", "Dharm");
div.child(userMap);
});
body.child("div", div->{
Map<String, String> userMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
userMap.put("roll-no", "2");
userMap.put("name", "Rajan");
div.child(userMap);
});
});
}).write(out);
System.out.println(out.toString());
}
*/
}
【讨论】：