如何使用 JAVA DOM 从嵌套 XML 中提取数据？

Question

我有一个包含多个 .我能够获取和帐户详细信息（，等。我很难获取诸如 card_type、year、month、first_six 等内容。

此文档中有 200 笔交易，因此是循环。

  <transaction href="https://test.com" type="cc">
    <source>subscription</source>
    <created_at type="datetime">2014-03-06T20:59:03Z</created_at>
    <details>
      <account>
        <account_code>234234234</account_code>
        <first_name>asdadad</first_name>
        <last_name>asdadasd3433</last_name>
        <company nil="nil"></company>
        <email>test@gmail.com</email>
        <billing_info type="credit_card">
          <first_name>asdasdasd</first_name>
          <last_name>asdasdasd23434</last_name>
          <address1 nil="nil"></address1>
          <address2 nil="nil"></address2>
          <city nil="nil"></city>
          <state nil="nil"></state>
          <zip nil="nil"></zip>
          <country nil="nil"></country>
          <phone nil="nil"></phone>
          <vat_number nil="nil"></vat_number>
          <card_type>Visa</card_type>
          <year type="integer">2039</year>
          <month type="integer">6</month>
          <first_six>111111</first_six>
          <last_four>9999</last_four>
        </billing_info>
      </account>
    </details>
    <a name="refund" href="https://test.com/refund" method="delete"/>
  </transaction>

我在尝试我的代码时收到此错误：

java.lang.NullPointerException
        at test.test.getTransactions(test.java:288)
        at test.test.main(test.java:53)

这是我正在尝试的：

try {
  NodeList nList2 = eElement.getElementsByTagName("details");
  Node nNode2 = nList2.item(0);
  Element eElement2 = (Element) nNode2;

  //get some other info in try catch blocks here (removed for reading)

  try {
    System.out.println("attempting billing info");
    NodeList nList3 = eElement2.getElementsByTagName("billing_info");
    Node nNode3 = nList3.item(0);
    Element eElement3 = (Element) nNode3;    
    System.out.println("attempting credit_year");
    System.out.println("credit_year: " + eElement3.getElementsByTagName("credit_year").item(0).getTextContent());
  } catch (Exception ex) {
    ex.printStackTrace();
  }

}

Answer 1

这里有一些代码可以指导您使用 DOM 解析 XML 文件。您缺少文档构建器。

    //Build the document from the xmlString
    DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
    Document doc = dBuilder.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(xmlString)));

    //Get all the transaction elements and then loop over them
    NodeList transaction = doc.getElementsByTagName("transaction");
    for(int j = 0; j < transaction.getLength(); j++) {
        //Traverse down the transaction node till we get the billing info
        NodeList details = ((Element)transaction.item(j)).getElementsByTagName("details");
        NodeList account = ((Element)details.item(0)).getElementsByTagName("account");
        NodeList billinginfo = ((Element)account.item(0)).getElementsByTagName("billing_info");

        System.out.println("===Billing Info===");
        System.out.println("Type: "+((Element)billinginfo.item(0)).getAttribute("type"));

        //Get all children nodes from billing info
        NodeList billingChildren = billinginfo.item(0).getChildNodes();

        for(int i = 0; i < billingChildren.getLength(); i++) {
            Node current = billingChildren.item(i);
            //Only want stuff from ELEMENT nodes
            if(current.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
                System.out.println(current.getNodeName()+": "+current.getTextContent());
            }
        }
    }

这会从您的示例中生成以下内容。

===Billing Info===
Type: credit_card
first_name: asdasdasd
last_name: asdasdasd23434
address1:
address2:
city:
state:
zip:
country:
phone:
vat_number:
card_type: Visa
year: 2039
month: 6
first_six: 111111
last_four: 9999

Answer 2

您可以使用Declarative Stream Mapping (DSM) 流解析库轻松解析复杂的XML。

您只需定义要从 XML 中提取的数据的映射

这里是您的 XML 的映射定义。

DSM 忽略命名空间。

result:     
   type: array
   path: /transactions/transaction       
   fields:
       source:          
       account:
          type: array
          path: details/account
          fields:       
             accountCode: 
               path: account_code                 
             firstName: 
               path: first_name                 
             lastName: 
               path: last_name                 
             first_six: 
               path: billing_info/first_six
               dataType: int                 
             last_four: 
               path: billing_info/last_four
               dataType: int                 
             card_type: 
               path: billing_info/card_type

解析 XML 的 Java 代码：

DSM dsm=new DSMBuilder(new File("path/to/mapping.yaml")).setType(DSMBuilder.TYPE.XML).create();
Object result=  dsm.toObject(xmlFileContent);
// json represntation fo result
dsm.getObjectMapper().writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValue(System.out, object);

这是输出：

[ {
  "source" : "subscription",
  "account" : [ {
    "accountCode" : "234234234",
    "firstName" : "asdadad",
    "lastName" : "asdadasd3433",
    "card_type" : "Visa",
    "first_six" : 111111,
    "last_four" : 9999
  } ]
} ]

如果您想直接反序列化为 POJO 类，则可以使用 DSM

Answer 3

如果可能，请使用 Jackson 之类的 API 来解析您的 XML。 Here 是一个对你有帮助的问题。

Answer 4

您正在执行eElement3.getElementsByTagName("credit_year")，但您的 xml 中没有 credit_year。它只是 'year' 而不是 xml 中的 'credit_year'。所以试试eElement3.getElementsByTagName("year")。