java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext答案

【问题标题】：java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContextjava.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext
【发布时间】：2016-02-09 00:44:46
【问题描述】：

我刚刚从 14.1 升级到 IntelliJ 15.0（我很着急，忘记保存 14.1 的先前插件状态），我正在尝试使用 Intellij 中的 Spring Boot 配置常规运行/调试配置设置摇篮。在配置选项卡中，我添加了 1) Main 类、2) JRE 和 3) IntelliJ 中模块的类路径。我使用 Spring Boot 作为选择的配置。 However, when select Run I get this error:

2015-11-07 22:00:21.457 ERROR 10632 --- [main] 
o.s.boot.SpringApplication : Application startup failed
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext    
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1975)
at org.springframework.core.type.StandardAnnotationMetadata.getAnnotatedMethods(StandardAnnotationMetadata.java:140)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:289) 
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:229) 
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:196)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:165)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:306)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:239)
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:254)
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:94)
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:94)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:606)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:462)
at    org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:686)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:957)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:946)
at org.awana.mozo.club.Application.main(Application.java:37)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
2015-11-07 22:00:21.457  INFO 10632 --- [           main]    s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Closing   org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@3788f3    : startup date [Sat Nov 07 22:00:21 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-11-07 22:00:21.458  WARN 10632 --- [           main]   s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Exception thrown from    ApplicationListener handling ContextClosedEvent
java.lang.IllegalStateException: ApplicationEventMulticaster not initialized - call 'refresh' before multicasting events via the context: org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@3788f3: startup date [Sat Nov 07 22:00:21 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
at  org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getApplicationEventMulticaster(AbstractApplicationContext.java:344)
at   org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:331)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:869)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.close(AbstractApplicationContext.java:836)
at  org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:342)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:957)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:946)
at org.awana.mozo.club.Application.main(Application.java:37)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)
2015-11-07 22:00:21.459  WARN 10632 --- [           main]  s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Exception thrown from LifecycleProcessor on context close
java.lang.IllegalStateException: LifecycleProcessor not initialized - call 'refresh' before invoking lifecycle methods via the context:  org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@3788f3: startup date [Sat Nov 07 22:00:21 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
at   org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getLifecycleProcessor(AbstractApplicationContext.java:357)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:877)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.close(AbstractApplicationContext.java:836)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:342)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:957)
at  org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:946)
at org.awana.mozo.club.Application.main(Application.java:37)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at  sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at  sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.jav    a:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet  /ServletContext
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1975)
at   org.springframework.core.type.StandardAnnotationMetadata.getAnnotatedMethods(Sta    ndardAnnotationMetadata.java:140)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigu    rationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:289)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processConfigura    tionClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:229)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(Configurat    ionClassParser.java:196)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(Configurat    ionClassParser.java:165)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processCo    nfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:306)            
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProce    ssBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:239)
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBean    DefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:254)
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBean    FactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:94)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactory    PostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:606)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:462)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:686)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:957)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:946)
at org.awana.mozo.club.Application.main(Application.java:37)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.jav    a:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
Process finished with exit code 1

【问题讨论】：

标签： java intellij-idea spring-boot

【解决方案1】：

在使用没有 springboot 模板的社区版时遇到同样的问题。

该问题可以在编辑配置中解决... -> 修改选项 -> 检查 Java：包含具有“已提供”范围的依赖项

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

好的，我必须这样做才能解决这个特定问题：

IntelliJ 需要在调试/运行配置中定义名为 bootRun 的 Gradle 任务。这让我现在可以在 IntelliJ 中运行后端代码或调试后端代码更新。

接下来我必须重组我的 IntelliJ 目录，因为 IntelliJ 15 已安装了不正确的父 JRE 文件夹和子 JRE 文件夹，因此 IntelliJ 显示并异常指出它找不到 a) java.exec 或 b) jvm .cfg 文件位于其 JRE/Lib 子目录下。

一旦我解决了这两个问题，构建和调试似乎都适用于 Java Spring 后端。我跟进了 IntelliJ 的古怪 JRE 安装。

【讨论】：

你有没有为youtrack（jetbrains 票务网站）提出过票 - 如果有，请在此处参考。
我相信我做到了，但我仍在寻找票。
好的，np - 知道经验...感谢您的回复。

【解决方案3】：

遇到了同样的问题，通过修复 pom.xml 解决了在 pom.xml 中更改：

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

改成：

        <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>

这解决了问题:)

【讨论】：

可以，但是compile和provided有什么区别？
我自己回答“provided 很像 compile，但表示您希望 JDK 或容器在运行时提供依赖项。”

【解决方案4】：

我认为您需要将有效的 javax-servlet 和 servlet-api 版本添加到您的 pom.xml。我认为下面的示例将解决您的问题

    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
       <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

有同样的问题。似乎特定于尝试通过 IntelliJ 15.x spring boot 运行配置运行 Spring Boot Web 应用程序。由于我使用的是maven，因此我创建了一个maven 运行配置，将command line action 指定为spring-boot:run——这在运行和调试模式下都有效。附上截图。

【讨论】：