Spring Boot JPA - 未设置“hibernate.dialect”时对 DialectResolutionInfo 的访问不能为空答案

【问题标题】：Spring Boot JPA - Access to DialectResolutionInfo cannot be null when 'hibernate.dialect' not setSpring Boot JPA - 未设置“hibernate.dialect”时对 DialectResolutionInfo 的访问不能为空
【发布时间】：2019-07-09 22:17:23
【问题描述】：

我有一个 Spring Boot JPA 应用程序。每当我尝试运行它时，它都会失败：

Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Access to DialectResolutionInfo cannot be null when 'hibernate.dialect' not set        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.dialect.internal.DialectFactoryImpl.determineDialect(DialectFactoryImpl.java:100) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]

我在这里查看了相关问题，但大多数似乎与数据库尚未启动、凭据不正确等问题有关。但是，我能够很好地与 PSQL 客户端连接，所以这不可能问题。无论有无我的 application.properties 中指定的平台和驱动程序，我都尝试过：

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://xxxx/my_db
spring.datasource.username=xxx
spring.datasource.password=xxx
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.postgresql.Driver
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect

此外，在错误上方，应用程序实际上打印出以下内容：

2019-02-15 10:02:40.134  INFO 43204 --- [           main] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect            : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL95Dialect

可能是什么问题？该应用程序实际上正在运行；但是，我最近切换了开发机器，现在无法连接。我已经禁用了我机器上的防火墙，看看这是否是问题所在，但没有成功。同样，我能够通过 PSQL 进行连接，所以我真的不知道该怎么想。

堆栈跟踪：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManager' defined in class path resource [com/midamcorp/insuranceui/AppConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [javax.persistence.EntityManager]: Factory method 'entityManager' threw exception; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:627) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:456) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1288) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1127) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:538) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:498) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:846)
~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:863) ~[spring-context-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:546) ~[spring-context-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:775) ~[spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) ~[spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:316) ~[spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder.run(SpringApplicationBuilder.java:139) ~[spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
        at com.midamcorp.insuranceui.EntryFrame.main(EntryFrame.java:55) ~[main/:na]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [javax.persistence.EntityManager]: Factory method 'entityManager' threw exception; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:622) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        ... 17 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:275) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:237) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:214) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:51) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:100) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:246) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:214) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.BasicConnectionCreator.convertSqlException(BasicConnectionCreator.java:116) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverConnectionCreator.makeConnection(DriverConnectionCreator.java:41) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.BasicConnectionCreator.createConnection(BasicConnectionCreator.java:58) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl$PooledConnections.addConnections(DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.java:363) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl$PooledConnections.<init>(DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.java:282) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl$PooledConnections.<init>(DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.java:260) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl$PooledConnections$Builder.build(DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.java:401) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.buildPool(DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.java:112) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.configure(DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.java:75) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:100) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:246) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:214) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.buildJdbcConnectionAccess(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:145) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:66) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:35) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.initiateService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:94) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:263) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:237) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:214) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.id.factory.internal.DefaultIdentifierGeneratorFactory.injectServices(DefaultIdentifierGeneratorFactory.java:152) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.injectDependencies(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:286) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:243) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:214) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.<init>(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:179) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.complete(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:119) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.metadata(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:904) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:935) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:56) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:79) ~[javax.persistence-api-2.2.jar:2.2]
        at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:54) ~[javax.persistence-api-2.2.jar:2.2]
        at com.midamcorp.insuranceui.AppConfig.entityManager(AppConfig.java:29) ~[main/:na]
        at com.midamcorp.insuranceui.AppConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$1d809dad.CGLIB$entityManager$7(<generated>) ~[main/:na]
        at com.midamcorp.insuranceui.AppConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$1d809dad$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$6a4ae74c.invoke(<generated>) ~[main/:na]
        at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:244) ~[spring-core-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:363) ~[spring-context-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        at com.midamcorp.insuranceui.AppConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$1d809dad.entityManager(<generated>) ~[main/:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[na:na]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
        ... 18 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Access to DialectResolutionInfo cannot be null when 'hibernate.dialect' not set
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.dialect.internal.DialectFactoryImpl.determineDialect(DialectFactoryImpl.java:100) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.dialect.internal.DialectFactoryImpl.buildDialect(DialectFactoryImpl.java:54) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:137) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:35) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.initiateService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:94) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:263) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.7.Final.jar:5.3.7.Final]
        ... 65 common frames omitted

【问题讨论】：

可以查看stackoverflow.com/questions/33725589/…
很高兴知道@Deadpool。在我的特定情况下它没有帮助，但我确定不知道该值已被弃用。感谢您的链接。

标签： java spring database spring-boot spring-data-jpa

【解决方案1】：

我相信你的方言属性设置错误

spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect

应该是

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect

【讨论】：

我在升级到 Spring Boot 版本到 2.2.5.RELEASE 后看到这个错误
这解决了我的问题。我收到了这个错误。它在 2.1.4 中运行良好，但在 2.3.0 中开始为 spring boot 给出问题。

【解决方案2】：

在我的情况下，任何阻止 Spring JPA 连接到数据库的错误都会导致此错误，没有具体信息。错误配置的例子有：

错误的数据库 URL
用户/密码错误

更难发现的情况是

我的 SQL 服务器未针对特定时区进行配置，因此添加 &serverTimezone=xxx（正如 @Janet 已经指出的那样）

到 DB url 解决了这个问题。例如

jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/dbname?autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=UTC

另外，我在一个特定环境中遇到了 SSL 凭据问题，添加 &useSSL=false 解决了这个问题。现在我的连接 URL 看起来像

jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/dbname?autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false

【讨论】：

伙计，这就是为我解决问题的方法，这太疯狂了。我的错误甚至没有提到如何存在数据库连接问题。你是怎么想出来的？？

【解决方案3】：

当我得到

当 'hibernate.dialect' 未设置时，对 DialectResolutionInfo 的访问不能为空

在这个错误之上，还有其他的错误，有一次我得到了：

sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: 拒绝用户 'tenant2'@'localhost' 访问数据库 'tenant2'。

另一个时间是关于“serverTimeZone”的。所以我的回答是看上面的错误，那是你的根本原因。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

属性的名称很好，是您定义的类导致了问题。 PostgreSQLDialect 已弃用。改成，例如：

spring.jpa.database-platform = org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL95Dialect

适用于 postgres 9.5。更多信息here。如果你有其他版本的 postgres，你可以找到合适的方言类版本。

【讨论】：

谢谢，但还是不行。我实际上在服务器上使用 PostgreSQL 10，但是，在搜索文档后，9.5 似乎是可用的最新方言。另外，我认为 Spring JPA 通常能够自动检测方言？仍然不确定问题是什么；任何建议表示赞赏。谢谢。

【解决方案5】：

对我来说，我需要一个配置类

@Configuration
public class HikariConfig {
    @Autowired
    Environment environment;


@Bean(name = "dataSource")
public DataSource dataSource() {
    HikariDataSource dataSource = new HikariDataSource();
    dataSource.setJdbcUrl(environment.getProperty("spring.datasource.url"));
    dataSource.setUsername(environment.getProperty("spring.datasource.hikari.username"));
    dataSource.setPassword(environment.getProperty("spring.datasource.hikari.password"));
    dataSource.setCatalog("*****");
    /**
     * HikariCP specific properties. Remove if you move to other connection pooling library.
     **/
    dataSource.addDataSourceProperty("cachePrepStmts", true);
    dataSource.addDataSourceProperty("prepStmtCacheSize", 25000);
    dataSource.addDataSourceProperty("prepStmtCacheSqlLimit", 20048);
    dataSource.addDataSourceProperty("useServerPrepStmts", true);
    dataSource.addDataSourceProperty("initializationFailFast", true);

    dataSource.setPoolName(environment.getProperty("microdb.datasource.hikari.poolName"));
    dataSource.setMaximumPoolSize(Integer.parseInt(environment.getProperty("spring.datasource.hikari.maximumPoolSize")));
    dataSource.setMinimumIdle(Integer.parseInt(environment.getProperty("spring.datasource.hikari.minimumIdle")));
    dataSource.setIdleTimeout(Long.parseLong(environment.getProperty("spring.datasource.hikari.idleTimeout")));
    dataSource.setMaxLifetime(Long.parseLong(environment.getProperty("spring.datasource.hikari.maxLifetime")));
    dataSource.setConnectionTimeout(Long.parseLong(environment.getProperty("spring.datasource.hikari.connectionTimeout")));

    return dataSource;
}}

我在 application.properties 文件中设置：

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@xxxxxxx:xxx:xxxx
spring.datasource.hikari.username=xxxxx
spring.datasource.hikari.password=xxxxx
spring.datasource.hikari.minimumIdle=5
spring.datasource.hikari.maximumPoolSize=20
spring.datasource.hikari.idleTimeout=30000
spring.datasource.hikari.poolName=HikariCP
spring.datasource.hikari.maxLifetime=2000000
spring.datasource.hikari.connectionTimeout=30000

【讨论】：