下面的代码(大部分)做了我想要的。 ToolBar 框架对象将存储来自其包含的小部件的值,并根据需要调用适当的模型。 VarBox 对象是具有额外功能的 Entry 小部件。点击 Tab 或 Return 会刷新存储在 ToolBar 字典中的数据,告诉 ToolBar 将数据发送到模型,并将焦点转移到下一个 VarBox 小部件。
from tkinter import *
# Actual model would be imported. "Dummy" model for testing below.
def dummy_model(dic):
"""
A "dummy" model for testing the ability for a toolbar to ping the model.
Argument:
-dic: a dictionary whose values are numbers.
Result:
-prints the sum of dic's values.
"""
total = 0
for value in dic.values():
total += value
print('The total of the entries is: ', total)
class ToolBar(Frame):
"""
A frame object that contains entry widgets, a dictionary of
their current contents, and a function to call the appropriate model.
"""
def __init__(self, parent=None, **options):
Frame.__init__(self, parent, **options)
self.vars = {}
def call_model(self):
print('Sending to dummy_model: ', self.vars)
dummy_model(self.vars)
class VarBox(Frame):
"""
A customized Frame containing a numerical entry box
Arguments:
-name: Name of the variable; appears above the entry box
-default: default value in entry
"""
def __init__(self, parent=None, name='', default=0.00, **options):
Frame.__init__(self, parent, relief=RIDGE, borderwidth=1, **options)
Label(self, text=name).pack(side=TOP)
self.widgetName = name # will be key in dictionary
# Entries will be limited to numerical
ent = Entry(self, validate='key') # check for number on keypress
ent.pack(side=TOP, fill=X)
self.value = StringVar()
ent.config(textvariable=self.value)
self.value.set(str(default))
ent.bind('<Return>', lambda event: self.to_dict(event))
ent.bind('<FocusOut>', lambda event: self.to_dict(event))
# check on each keypress if new result will be a number
ent['validatecommand'] = (self.register(self.is_number), '%P')
# sound 'bell' if bad keypress
ent['invalidcommand'] = 'bell'
@staticmethod
def is_number(entry):
"""
tests to see if entry is acceptable (either empty, or able to be
converted to a float.)
"""
if not entry:
return True # Empty string: OK if entire entry deleted
try:
float(entry)
return True
except ValueError:
return False
def to_dict(self, event):
"""
On event: Records widget's status to the container's dictionary of
values, fills the entry with 0.00 if it was empty, tells the container
to send data to the model, and shifts focus to the next entry box (after
Return or Tab).
"""
if not self.value.get(): # if entry left blank,
self.value.set(0.00) # fill it with zero
# Add the widget's status to the container's dictionary
self.master.vars[self.widgetName] = float(self.value.get())
self.master.call_model()
event.widget.tk_focusNext().focus()
root = Tk() # create app window
BarParentFrame = ToolBar(root) # holds individual toolbar frames
BarParentFrame.pack(side=TOP)
BarParentFrame.widgetName = 'BarParentFrame'
# Pad out rest of window for visual effect
SpaceFiller = Canvas(root, width=800, height=600, bg='beige')
SpaceFiller.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)
Label(BarParentFrame, text='placeholder').pack(expand=NO, fill=X)
A = VarBox(BarParentFrame, name='A', default=5.00)
A.pack(side=LEFT)
B = VarBox(BarParentFrame, name='B', default=3.00)
B.pack(side=LEFT)
root.mainloop()