使用 .NET Core 2.2 发送电子邮件答案

【问题标题】：Send email with .NET Core 2.2使用 .NET Core 2.2 发送电子邮件
【发布时间】：2020-03-02 23:07:17
【问题描述】：

在 MVC ASP.NET 中，您可以像这样在 web.config 文件中设置 smtp 配置：

<system.net>
    <mailSettings>
        <smtp from="MyEmailAddress" deliveryMethod="Network">
            <network host="smtp.MyHost.com" port="25" />
        </smtp>
    </mailSettings>
</system.net>

而且效果很好。

但我无法让它在 .NET Core 2.2 中工作，因为你有一个 appsettings.json 文件。

我有这个：

"Smtp": {
    "Server": "smtp.MyHost.com",
    "Port": 25,
    "FromAddress": "MyEmailAddress"
}

发送邮件时会显示此错误消息：

【问题讨论】：

您必须将服务器和端口提供给您的 SmtpClient 实例的构造函数。 docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/…
与 .NET 不同，.NET Core 不会自动读取将其设置应用于系统类的配置文件。您需要实际读取配置并使用它，通常是通过在您使用的任何依赖注入机制上应用一个方法。

标签： c# sendmail asp.net-core-2.2

【解决方案1】：

为了从appsettings.json 获取Smtp 设置，您可以使用

public class SmtpSettings{
  public string Server {get;set;}
  public int Port {get;set;}
  public string FromAddress {get;set}
}

var smtpSettings = Configuration.GetSection("Smtp").Bind(smtpSettings);

现在您已经有了 smtp 设置，您可以在 SmtpClient() 中使用它们

 using (var client = new SmtpClient()){
    {
        await client.ConnectAsync(smtpSettings.Server, smtpSettings.Port, true);
    }
 }

【讨论】：

SmtpSettings smtpSettings; smtpSettings = Configuration.GetSection("Smtp").Bind(smtpSettings);
停止对知名类使用 var

【解决方案2】：

您可以在您的电子邮件发件人中使用Options 与 DI，参考

https://kenhaggerty.com/articles/article/aspnet-core-22-smtp-emailsender-implementation

1.appsettings.json

"Smtp": {
    "Server": "smtp.MyHost.com",
    "Port": 25,
    "FromAddress": "MyEmailAddress"
}

2.SmtpSettings.cs

public class SmtpSettings
{
    public string Server { get; set; }
    public int Port { get; set; }
    public string FromAddress { get; set; }
}

3.启动配置服务

public class Startup
{
    IConfiguration Configuration;

    public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
    {
        Configuration = configuration;
    }

    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {

        services.Configure<SmtpSettings>(Configuration.GetSection("Smtp"));
        services.AddTransient<IEmailSender, EmailSender>();

        services.AddMvc();
    }
}

4. 使用Options 由 DI 访问 SmtpSettings，无论您需要什么。

public class EmailSender : IEmailSender
{
    private readonly SmtpSettings _smtpSettings;

    public EmailSender(IOptions<SmtpSettings> smtpSettings)
    {
        _smtpSettings = smtpSettings.Value;

    }
    public Task SendEmailAsync(string email, string subject, string message)
    {
        var from = _smtpSettings.FromAddress;
        //other logic
        using (var client = new SmtpClient())
        {
            {
                await client.ConnectAsync(smtpSettings.Server, smtpSettings.Port, true);
            }
        }
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

要从 appsettings.json 获取 SMTP 设置，请按照步骤操作，

appsettings.json 值，

   "EmailSettings": {
    "EmailSettings": {
    "MailServer": "smtp.gmail.com",
    "MailPort": 587,
    "SenderName": "Sender Name",
    "SenderEmail": "preferred email",
    "UserName": "username",
    "Password": "password",
    "EnableSsl": "true", /// if you need it use
    "EmailKey": "EmailKey" /// if you need it use
  }

定义电子邮件凭据的属性，

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
  services.Configure<EmailSettings>(Configuration.GetSection("EmailSettings"));
}

3.类属性，

    public class EmailSettings
    {
        public string MailServer { get; set; }
        public int MailPort { get; set; }
        public string SenderName { get; set; }
        public string SenderEmail { get; set; }
        public string Password { get; set; }
        public bool EnableSsl { get; set; }
        public string EmailKey { get; set; }
    }

来电者，

var emailResult = SendEmail(loginName, Message, subject, "User Creation");

5.获取并设置值，

        public async Task<IActionResult> SendEmail(string email, string Message, string Subject, string EmailType, string HTMLMessageContent = "")
        {
            HTMLMessageContent = Message;
            EmailLog emailModel = new EmailLog
            {
                EmailType = EmailType,
                Subject = Subject,
                EmailContent = Message,
                FromEmail = _emailSettings.SenderEmail,
                ToEmails = email,
                CreatedBy = sessionData != null ? sessionData.ApplicationUserId : "",
                OrganizationId = sessionData != null ? sessionData.OrganizationId : 0

            };

           var from = new EmailAddress(_emailSettings.SenderEmail, _emailSettings.SenderName);
            var to = new EmailAddress(email, "");
            var msg = MailHelper.CreateSingleEmail(from, to, Subject, Message, HTMLMessageContent);
            var response = await client.SendEmailAsync(msg); 
            return Ok("Success");
        }

最后，将电子邮件发送给相关人员。代码酷..

【讨论】：