您确定这是您正在测试的代码吗？ 1688 个字节分为 211 个数组元素，每个元素为 8 个字节。
现代环境不太可能只为包含 int 和两个指针的结构提供 8 个字节。
通过测试，如下代码：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct HashTable {
int size ;
struct List *head;
struct List *tail;
} HashTable;
typedef struct List {
char *number;
char *name;
int time;
struct List *next;
} List;
#define size_of_table 211
HashTable *createHashTable(void) {
HashTable *new_table = malloc(sizeof(*new_table)*size_of_table); //line 606
printf ("%d\n", sizeof(*new_table));
printf ("%d\n", sizeof(new_table));
if (new_table == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
int i=0;
for(i; i<size_of_table; i++) {
new_table[i].size=0;
new_table[i].head=NULL;
new_table[i].tail=NULL;
}
return new_table;
}
int main(void) {
HashTable *x = createHashTable();
free (x);
return 0;
}
输出：
==3569== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==3569== Copyright (C) 2002-2009, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==3569== Using Valgrind-3.6.0.SVN-Debian and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==3569== Command: ./qq
==3569==
12
4
==3569==
==3569== HEAP SUMMARY:
==3569== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==3569== total heap usage: 1 allocs, 1 frees, 2,532 bytes allocated
==3569==
==3569== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==3569==
==3569== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==3569== ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors from 0 contexts (suppressed: 13 from 8)
当您通过系统上的 valgrind 运行该程序时，该程序会为您提供什么？
我在上面提供的代码还解决了您在成功时返回 NULL 的问题（明确的内存泄漏）。您在函数中的最终返回不应返回 NULL，它应该是：
return new_table;
根据我提供的示例代码中您的24,8 输出，确保您真的使用：
HashTable *new_table = malloc(sizeof(*new_table)*size_of_table); //line 606
而不是：
HashTable *new_table = malloc(sizeof(new_table)*size_of_table); //line 606
后者将使用8 的指针大小而不是24 的结构大小，当我这样做时，我得到：
==3637== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==3637== Copyright (C) 2002-2009, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==3637== Using Valgrind-3.6.0.SVN-Debian and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==3637== Command: ./qq
==3637==
12
4
==3637== Invalid write of size 4
==3637== at 0x80484CD: createHashTable (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637== by 0x8048509: main (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637== Address 0x419a374 is 0 bytes after a block of size 844 alloc'd
==3637== at 0x4024F20: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:236)
==3637== by 0x8048465: createHashTable (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637== by 0x8048509: main (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637==
==3637== Invalid write of size 4
==3637== at 0x80484E3: createHashTable (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637== by 0x8048509: main (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637== Address 0x419a378 is 4 bytes after a block of size 844 alloc'd
==3637== at 0x4024F20: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:236)
==3637== by 0x8048465: createHashTable (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637== by 0x8048509: main (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637==
==3637== Invalid write of size 4
==3637== at 0x80484B8: createHashTable (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637== by 0x8048509: main (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637== Address 0x419a37c is 8 bytes after a block of size 844 alloc'd
==3637== at 0x4024F20: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:236)
==3637== by 0x8048465: createHashTable (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637== by 0x8048509: main (in /home/allan/qq)
==3637==
==3637==
==3637== HEAP SUMMARY:
==3637== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==3637== total heap usage: 1 allocs, 1 frees, 844 bytes allocated
==3637==
==3637== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==3637==
==3637== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==3637== ERROR SUMMARY: 422 errors from 3 contexts (suppressed: 13 from 8)
如果您确定您使用的是 24 值，请放置以下行：
printf ("%d\n", sizeof(*new_table)*size_of_table);
在malloc 行之后，看看它输出了什么。